T Helper 17/Regulatory T Cell Balance and Experimental Models of Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced Damage.

Abstract

Fibrosis is a general complication in many diseases. It is the main complication during peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment, a therapy for renal failure disease. Local inflammation and mesothelial to mesenchymal transition (MMT) are well known key phenomena in peritoneal damage during PD. New data suggest that, in the peritoneal cavity, inflammatory changes may be regulated at least in part by a delicate balance between T helper 17 and regulatory T cells. This paper briefly reviews the implication of the Th17/Treg-axis in fibrotic diseases. Moreover, it compares current evidences described in PD animal experimental models, indicating a loss of Th17/Treg balance (Th17 predominance) leading to peritoneal damage during PD. In addition, considering the new clinical and animal experimental data, new therapeutic strategies to reduce the Th17 response and increase the regulatory T response are proposed. Thus, future goals should be to develop new clinical biomarkers to reverse this immune misbalance and reduce peritoneal fibrosis in PD.

• Authors: Georgios Liappas, Guadalupe Tirma Gónzalez-Mateo, Pedro Majano, José Antonio Sánchez-Tomero, Marta Ruiz-Ortega, Raquel Rodrigues Díez, Pilar Martín, Raquel Sanchez-Díaz, Rafael Selgas, Manuel López-Cabrera, Abelardo Aguilera Peralta
• Journal: BioMed research international (Biomed Res Int) Vol. 2015 Pg. 416480 ( 2015) ISSN: 2314-6141 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26064907 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)

Topics

• Animals
• Disease Models, Animal
• Fibrosis (complications, immunology, pathology)
• Humans
• Inflammation (complications, immunology, pathology)
• Peritoneal Dialysis (adverse effects)
• Peritoneum (immunology, pathology)
• T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory (immunology, pathology)
• Th17 Cells (immunology, pathology)