The role of CTGF in diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF, CCN2) contributes to fibrotic responses in diabetic retinopathy, both before clinical manifestations occur in the pre-clinical stage of diabetic retinopathy (PCDR) and in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), the late clinical stage of the disease. CTGF is a secreted protein that modulates the actions of many growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, leading to tissue reorganization, such as ECM formation and remodeling, basal lamina (BL) thickening, pericyte apoptosis, angiogenesis, wound healing and fibrosis. In PCDR, CTGF contributes to thickening of the retinal capillary BL and is involved in loss of pericytes. In this stage, CTGF expression is induced by advanced glycation end products, and by growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. In PDR, the switch from neovascularization to a fibrotic phase - the angio-fibrotic switch - in PDR is driven by CTGF, in a critical balance with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We discuss here the roles of CTGF in the pathogenesis of DR in relation to ECM remodeling and wound healing mechanisms, and explore whether CTGF may be a potential novel therapeutic target in the clinical management of early as well as late stages of DR.

• Authors: Ingeborg Klaassen, Rob J van Geest, Esther J Kuiper, Cornelis J F van Noorden, Reinier O Schlingemann
• Journal: Experimental eye research (Exp Eye Res) Vol. 133 Pg. 37-48 (Apr 2015) ISSN: 1096-0007 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25819453 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Connective Tissue Growth Factor

Topics

• Cell Proliferation
• Connective Tissue Growth Factor (physiology)
• Diabetic Retinopathy (metabolism, pathology)
• Disease Progression
• Humans
• Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative (metabolism, pathology)