Abstract | OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the role of contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in the workup of patients with aborted sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and in the prediction of long-term outcomes. BACKGROUND: Myocardial fibrosis is a key substrate for SCA, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on a CMR study is a robust technique for imaging of myocardial fibrosis. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all survivors of SCA who were referred for CMR studies and performed follow-up for the subsequent occurrence of an adverse event (death and appropriate defibrillator therapy). RESULTS: After a workup that included a clinical history, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and coronary angiogram, 137 patients underwent CMR for workup of aborted SCA (66% male; mean age 56 ± 11 years; left ventricular ejection fraction 43 ± 12%). The presenting arrhythmias were ventricular fibrillation (n = 105 [77%]) and ventricular tachycardia (n = 32 [23%]). Overall, LGE was found in 98 patients (71%), with an average extent of 9.9 ± 5% of the left ventricular myocardium. CMR imaging provided a diagnosis or an arrhythmic substrate in 104 patients (76%), including the presence of an infarct-pattern LGE in 60 patients (44%), noninfarct LGE in 21 (15%), active myocarditis in 14 (10%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 3 (2%), sarcoidosis in 3, and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in 3. In a median follow-up of 29 months (range 18 to 43 months), there were 63 events. In a multivariable analysis, the strongest predictors of recurrent events were the presence of LGE (adjusted hazard ratio: 6.7; 95% CI: 2.38 to 18.85; p < 0.001) and the extent of LGE (hazard ratio: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.19; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with SCA, CMR with contrast identified LGE in 71% and provided a potential arrhythmic substrate in 76%. In follow-up, both the presence and extent of LGE identified a group at markedly increased risk of future adverse events.
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Authors | Tomas G Neilan, Hoshang Farhad, Thomas Mayrhofer, Ravi V Shah, John A Dodson, Siddique A Abbasi, Stephan B Danik, Daniel J Verdini, Michifumi Tokuda, Usha B Tedrow, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Udo Hoffmann, Brian B Ghoshhajra, William G Stevenson, Raymond Y Kwong |
Journal | JACC. Cardiovascular imaging
(JACC Cardiovasc Imaging)
Vol. 8
Issue 4
Pg. 414-423
(Apr 2015)
ISSN: 1876-7591 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25797123
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2015 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Contrast Media
- Gadolinium
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Topics |
- Contrast Media
- Coronary Angiography
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac
(pathology)
- Echocardiography
- Electrocardiography
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gadolinium
- Humans
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(methods)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Retrospective Studies
- Survivors
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