Serogroup A meningococcal conjugate (PsA-TT) vaccine coverage and measles vaccine coverage in Burkina Faso--implications for introduction of PsA-TT into the Expanded Programme on Immunization.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

A new serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT, MenAfriVac™) has been developed to combat devastating serogroup A Neisseria meningitis (MenA) epidemics in Africa. A mass immunization campaign targeting 1-29 year olds was conducted in Burkina Faso in December 2010. Protection of subsequent infant cohorts will be necessary through either introduction of PsA-TT into the routine Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) or periodic repeat mass vaccination campaigns.

OBJECTIVES:

To inform future immunization policy for PsA-TT vaccination of infants through a comparison of PsA-TT campaign vaccination coverage and routine measles-containing vaccine (MCV) coverage in Burkina Faso.

METHODS:

A national survey was conducted in Burkina Faso during December 17-27, 2011 using stratified cluster sampling to assess PsA-TT vaccine coverage achieved by the 2010 nationwide immunization campaign among 2-30 year olds and routine MCV coverage among 12-23 month olds. Coverage estimates and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated, reasons for non-vaccination and methods of campaign communication were described, and a multivariable analysis for factors associated with vaccination was conducted.

RESULTS:

National overall PsA-TT campaign coverage was 95.9% (95% CI: 95.0-96.7) with coverage greater than 90% all 13 regions of Burkina Faso. National overall routine MCV coverage was 92.5% (95% CI: 90.5-94.1), but ranged from 75.3% to 95.3% by region. The primary predictor for PsA-TT vaccination among all age groups was a head of household informed of the campaign. PsA-TT vaccination was more likely in residents of rural settings, whereas MCV vaccination was more likely in residents of urban settings.

CONCLUSION:

Overall national vaccination rates in Burkina Faso were similar for PsA-TT and MCV vaccine. The regions with MCV coverage below targets may be at risk for sub-optimal vaccination coverage if PsA-TT is introduced in EPI. These results highlight the need for assessments of routine vaccination coverage to guide PsA-TT immunization policy in meningitis belt countries.

• Authors: Sarah A Meyer, Jean Ludovic Kambou, Amanda Cohn, James L Goodson, Brendan Flannery, Isaïe Medah, Nancy Messonnier, Ryan Novak, Fabien Diomande, Mamoudou H Djingarey, Thomas A Clark, Issaka Yameogo, Amadou Fall, Kathleen Wannemuehler
• Journal: Vaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 33 Issue 12 Pg. 1492-8 (Mar 17 2015) ISSN: 1873-2518 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 25636915 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Chemical References

• Measles Vaccine
• MenAfriVac
• Meningococcal Vaccines
• Vaccines, Conjugate

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Africa
• Burkina Faso (epidemiology)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Health Care Surveys (statistics & numerical data)
• Health Policy
• Humans
• Immunization Programs (legislation & jurisprudence, statistics & numerical data)
• Infant
• Male
• Measles Vaccine (administration & dosage)
• Meningitis, Meningococcal (prevention & control)
• Meningococcal Vaccines (administration & dosage)
• Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup A (immunology)
• Public Health Surveillance
• Rural Health Services
• Vaccines, Conjugate (administration & dosage)
• Young Adult