Titanium (Ti) particle-induced periprosthetic
osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening are a primary reason for
total hip arthroplasty failure. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of
myricetin on Ti particle-induced
osteolysis and osteoclastogenesis. We demonstrated that
myricetin, a natural
plant extract, exerts potent inhibitory effects on Ti particle-induced
osteolysis in a mouse calvarial model. Further histological analysis indicated that the inhibition of osteoclast formation and function, and the secretion of inflammatory factors, are key targets for therapeutic agents in the treatment of wear particle-induced
osteolysis. In vitro, we found that
myricetin suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB
ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation,
bone resorption, and
F-actin ring formation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover,
myricetin significantly reduced the expression of osteoclast-specific markers in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, including
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP),
cathepsin K, the
calcitonin receptor, V-
ATPase d2, c-fos, and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1. Further investigation revealed that
myricetin inhibited osteoclastogenesis through the suppression of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways involving
extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38, and
c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2). While, the inhibition of TNF-α and IL-1β secretion was another reason for the suppressive effect of
myricetin on Ti particle-induced
osteolysis. Collectively, these findings suggest that
myricetin is a potential natural agent for the treatment of periprosthetic
osteolysis and other osteoclast-related osteolytic diseases.