Abstract |
The Mediterranean diet has been reported to be inversely associated with incident metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) among older adults; however, this association has not been studied in young African American and white adults. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association of a modified Mediterranean diet (mMedDiet) score with the 25-year incidence of the MetSyn in 4713 African American and white adults enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. A diet history questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake at baseline, year 7 and year 20 and a mMedDiet score was created. Cardiovascular risk factors were measured at multiple examinations over 25 years. The MetSyn was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ( ATP III) criteria. Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis was use to evaluate associations for incident MetSyn across the mMedDiet score categories adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and BMI. Higher mMedDiet scores represented adherence to a dietary pattern rich in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and fish, but poor in red and processed meat and snack foods. The incidence of MetSyn components ( abdominal obesity, elevated TAG concentrations and low HDL-cholesterol concentrations) was lower in those with higher mMedDiet scores than in those with lower scores. Furthermore, the incidence of the MetSyn was lower across the five mMedDiet score categories; the hazard ratios and 95 % CI from category 1 to category 5 were 1·0; 0·94 (0·76, 1·15); 0·84 (0·68, 1·04); 0·73 (0·58, 0·92); and 0·72 (0·54, 0·96), respectively (P trend= 0·005). These findings suggest that the risk of developing the MetSyn is lower when consuming a diet rich in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and fish.
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Authors | Lyn M Steffen, Linda Van Horn, Martha L Daviglus, Xia Zhou, Jared P Reis, Catherine M Loria, David R Jacobs, Kiyah J Duffey |
Journal | The British journal of nutrition
(Br J Nutr)
Vol. 112
Issue 10
Pg. 1654-61
(Nov 28 2014)
ISSN: 1475-2662 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 25234439
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
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Chemical References |
- Cholesterol, HDL
- Triglycerides
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Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Cardiovascular Diseases
(etiology, prevention & control)
- Cholesterol, HDL
(blood)
- Coronary Vessels
- Diet, Mediterranean
- Female
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Metabolic Syndrome
(blood, epidemiology, prevention & control)
- Obesity, Abdominal
(epidemiology, prevention & control)
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Triglycerides
(blood)
- Young Adult
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