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Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 variants with polybasic F protein cleavage site but strikingly different pathogenicity.

Abstract
Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) isolated from pigeons (pigeon paramyxovirus type 1; PPMV-1) are mostly of mesogenic pathotype and characterized by a polybasic amino acid sequence motif at the fusion protein (F) cleavage site. This feature also applies to isolate R75/98 from Germany. Its genome consists of 15,192 nucleotides and it specifies an intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) of 1.1, as is typical for mesogenic NDV. Recombinant R75/98 (rR75/98) derived by reverse genetics also possesses a polybasic F protein cleavage site but exhibits ICPI of 0.28, indicating a lentogenic virus. While ten virus passages of rR75/98 on embryonated chicken eggs did not result in any alteration of virus characteristics, virus which had been re-isolated from the brain of an intracerebrally inoculated chicken showed an increase in virulence, characterized by an ICPI of 0.93. Comparison of whole genome sequences of rR75/98 and re-isolated rR75/98 (RrR75/98) demonstrated only two amino acid differences, one in the F protein (N472 K) and one in the polymerase protein (K2168R). This result indicates that only very few amino acid alterations are sufficient to modulate virus virulence in the presence of a polybasic amino acid sequence at the proteolytic F protein cleavage site.
AuthorsSandra Heiden, Christian Grund, Dirk Höper, Thomas C Mettenleiter, Angela Römer-Oberdörfer
JournalVirus genes (Virus Genes) Vol. 49 Issue 3 Pg. 502-6 (Dec 2014) ISSN: 1572-994X [Electronic] United States
PMID25228150 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • RNA, Viral
  • Viral Fusion Proteins
Topics
  • Animals
  • Chick Embryo
  • Columbidae
  • Genome, Viral
  • Germany
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Newcastle Disease (virology)
  • Newcastle disease virus (classification, genetics, isolation & purification, pathogenicity)
  • RNA, Viral (genetics)
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Serial Passage
  • Viral Fusion Proteins (genetics)
  • Virulence

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