Second-line treatments for dyslipidemia in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease.

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that approximately 50% patients at risk of cardiovascular disease do not achieve lipid management goals. Thus, improvements dyslipidemia management are needed. We investigated the clinical choice and efficacy of second-line treatments for dyslipidemia in the Japanese clinical setting. Using a retrospective cohort design, we collected lipid profile data from patients who had been treated with hypolipidemic agents at a stable dosage for at least 12 weeks. These patients had then been administered a second-line treatment for dyslipidemia because they had not achieved the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) management goals. We included data from 641 patients in our analysis. The top three choices for second-line treatment were adding ezetimibe, switching to strong statins (statin switching), and doubling the original statin dosage (statin doubling). Adding ezetimibe, statin switching, and statin doubling decreased LDL-C levels by 28.2 ± 14.5%, 23.2 ± 24.4%, and 23.5 ± 17.2%, respectively. Among these three strategies, adding ezetimibe decreased LDL-C levels to the maximum extent. In patients with dysglycemia, baseline-adjusted change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels decreased slightly in the adding-ezetimibe, statin-switching, and statin-doubling groups, but the differences were not statistically significant among the groups (-0.10 ± 0.62%, -0.22 ± 0.54%, and -0.12 ± 0.52%, p = 0.19). In conclusion, the most common second-line treatment options for dyslipidemia were adding ezetimibe, statin switching, or statin doubling. Adding ezetimibe resulted in the highest reduction in LDL-C levels. These strategies did not increase HbA1c levels when administered with conventional diabetes treatment.

• Authors: Yoshinobu Kondo, Junko Hamai, Uru Nezu, Erina Shigematsu, Kazunari Kamiko, Shunsuke Yamazaki, Taishi Yoshii, Mayumi Takahashi, Tatsuro Takano, Satsuki Kawasaki, Masayo Yamada, Tadashi Yamakawa, Yasuo Terauchi
• Journal: Endocrine journal (Endocr J) Vol. 61 Issue 4 Pg. 343-51 ( 2014) ISSN: 1348-4540 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 24452015 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Azetidines
• Cholesterol, LDL
• Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
• Hypolipidemic Agents
• Ezetimibe

Topics

• Aged
• Azetidines (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Cholesterol, LDL (blood)
• Cohort Studies
• Diabetes Complications (blood, drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Drug Monitoring
• Drug Resistance
• Drug Therapy, Combination (adverse effects)
• Dyslipidemias (blood, complications, drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Ezetimibe
• Hospitals, Teaching
• Humans
• Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Hypolipidemic Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Japan (epidemiology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors