Proteasome inhibition induces DNA damage and reorganizes nuclear architecture and protein synthesis machinery in sensory ganglion neurons.

Abstract

Bortezomib is a reversible proteasome inhibitor used as an anticancer drug. However, its clinical use is limited since it causes peripheral neurotoxicity. We have used Sprague-Dawley rats as an animal model to investigate the cellular mechanisms affected by both short-term and chronic bortezomib treatments in sensory ganglia neurons. Proteasome inhibition induces dose-dependent alterations in the architecture, positioning, shape and polarity of the neuronal nucleus. It also produces DNA damage without affecting neuronal survival, and severe disruption of the protein synthesis machinery at the central cytoplasm accompanied by decreased expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor. As a compensatory or adaptive survival response against proteotoxic stress caused by bortezomib treatment, sensory neurons preserve basal levels of transcriptional activity, up-regulate the expression of proteasome subunit genes, and generate a new cytoplasmic perinuclear domain for protein synthesis. We propose that proteasome activity is crucial for controlling nuclear architecture, DNA repair and the organization of the protein synthesis machinery in sensory neurons. These neurons are primary targets of bortezomib neurotoxicity, for which reason their dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of the bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy in treated patients.

• Authors: Ana Palanca, Iñigo Casafont, María T Berciano, Miguel Lafarga
• Journal: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS (Cell Mol Life Sci) Vol. 71 Issue 10 Pg. 1961-75 (May 2014) ISSN: 1420-9071 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 24061536 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Boronic Acids
• Proteasome Inhibitors
• Pyrazines
• RNA, Messenger
• Bortezomib
• Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents (pharmacology)
• Boronic Acids (pharmacology)
• Bortezomib
• Cell Nucleus (drug effects, physiology)
• DNA Damage (drug effects)
• DNA Repair (drug effects)
• Ganglia, Sensory (drug effects, metabolism)
• Gene Expression (drug effects)
• Male
• Microscopy, Confocal
• Nissl Bodies (drug effects, physiology)
• Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (chemistry, genetics, metabolism)
• Proteasome Inhibitors (pharmacology)
• Pyrazines (pharmacology)
• RNA, Messenger (metabolism)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley