Zingerone [4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-
butane], one of the active phenolic components isolated from Zingiber officinale, has
antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. In our study, we have evaluated the effect of different doses of
zingerone on lipid peroxidation (
thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances,
lipid hydroxyl radical and conjugated dienes), tissue enzymatic
antioxidants (
superoxide dismutase,
catalase,
glutathione peroxidase and
glutathione reductase), and nonenzymatic
antioxidants (
reduced glutathione,
vitamin E,
vitamin C), and also the formation of
aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in male albino Wistar rats with
colon cancer induced using
1,2-dimethylhydrazine (
DMH). The rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 served as a control group and received a modified pellet diet; the rats in group 2 received a modified pellet diet along with
zingerone (40 mg/kg b.w., orally every day); groups 3-6 were administered
DMH (20 mg/kg b.w., subcutaneously) once a week for the first 4 weeks; and groups 4-6 received
zingerone at three different doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg b.w., respectively, every day for 16 weeks. Increased tumour incidence and ACF formation were accompanied by a decrease in the tissue lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and nonenzymatic
antioxidant activities observed in the colon of
DMH-treated rats. Supplementation with
zingerone in
DMH-treated rats led to a significant decrease in the tumour incidence and ACF formation with simultaneous modulation in the level of tissue lipid peroxidation and
antioxidant status. Thus, in conclusion, we can suggest that
zingerone effectively inhibits
DMH-induced colon
carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats.