Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of breast cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition: a nested case-control study.

Abstract

Experimental evidence suggests that vitamin D might play a role in the development of breast cancer. Although the results of case-control studies indicate that circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is inversely associated with the risk of breast cancer, the results of prospective studies are inconsistent. A case-control study embedded in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) was carried out comprising 1,391 incident breast cancer cases and 1,391 controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models did not reveal a significant overall association between season-standardized 25(OH)D levels and the risk of breast cancer (ORQ4-Q1 [95% CI]: 1.07 [0.85-1.36], ptrend = 0.67). Moreover, 25(OH)D levels were not related to the risks of estrogen receptor positive tumors (ORQ4-Q1 [95% CI]: 0.97 [0.67-1.38], ptrend = 0.90) and estrogen receptor negative tumors (ORQ4-Q1 [95% CI]: 0.97 [0.66-1.42], ptrend = 0.98). In hormone replacement therapy (HRT) users, 25(OH)D was significantly inversely associated with incident breast cancer (ORlog2 [95% CI]: 0.62 [0.42-0.90], p = 0.01), whereas no significant association was found in HRT nonusers (ORlog2 [95% CI]: 1.14 [0.80-1.62], p = 0.48). Further, a nonsignificant inverse association was found in women with body mass indices (BMI) < 25 kg/m(2) (ORlog2 [95% CI]: 0.83 [0.67-1.03], p = 0.09), as opposed to a borderline significant positive association in women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) (ORlog2 [95% CI]: 1.30 [1.0-1.69], p = 0.05). Overall, prediagnostic levels of circulating 25(OH)D were not related to the risk of breast cancer in the EPIC study. This result is in line with findings in the majority of prospective studies and does not support a role of vitamin D in the development of breast cancer.

• Authors: Tilman Kühn, Rudolf Kaaks, Susen Becker, Piia-Piret Eomois, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Marina Kvaskoff, Laure Dossus, Anne Tjønneland, Anja Olsen, Kim Overvad, Jenny Chang-Claude, Annekatrin Lukanova, Brian Buijsse, Heiner Boeing, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Christina Bamia, Giovanna Masala, Vittorio Krogh, Carlotta Sacerdote, Rosario Tumino, Amalia Mattiello, Genevieve Buckland, María-José Sánchez, Virginia Menéndez, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Aurelio Barricarte, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, Carla H van Gils, Marije F Bakker, Elisabete Weiderpass, Guri Skeie, Magritt Brustad, Anne Andersson, Malin Sund, Nick Wareham, Kay Tee Khaw, Ruth C Travis, Julie A Schmidt, Sabina Rinaldi, Isabelle Romieu, Valentina Gallo, Neil Murphy, Elio Riboli, Jakob Linseisen
• Journal: International journal of cancer (Int J Cancer) Vol. 133 Issue 7 Pg. 1689-700 (Oct 01 2013) ISSN: 1097-0215 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23526380 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2013 UICC.

Chemical References

• Receptors, Estrogen
• Vitamin D
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Topics

• Body Composition
• Body Mass Index
• Breast Neoplasms (blood, epidemiology)
• Case-Control Studies
• Europe (epidemiology)
• Female
• Hormone Replacement Therapy
• Humans
• Nutritional Status
• Prospective Studies
• Receptors, Estrogen (metabolism)
• Risk Factors
• Vitamin D (analogs & derivatives, blood)