Intestinal epithelial CD98 directly modulates the innate host response to enteric bacterial pathogens.

Abstract

CD98 is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein whose expression increases in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during intestinal inflammation. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a food-borne human pathogen that attaches to IECs and injects effector proteins directly into the host cells, thus provoking an inflammatory response. In the present study, we investigated CD98 and EPEC interactions in vitro and ex vivo and examined FVB wild-type (WT) and villin-CD98 transgenic mice overexpressing human CD98 in IECs (hCD98 Tg mice) and infected with Citrobacter rodentium as an in vivo model. In vivo studies indicated that CD98 overexpression, localized to the apical domain of colonic cells, increased the attachment of C. rodentium in mouse colons and resulted in increased expression of proinflammatory markers and decreased expression of anti-inflammatory markers. The proliferative markers Ki-67 and cyclin D1 were significantly increased in the colonic tissue of C. rodentium-infected hCD98 Tg mice compared to that of WT mice. Ex vivo studies correlate with the in vivo data. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) studies with Caco2-BBE cells showed a decrease in adherence of EPEC to Caco2 cells in which CD98 expression was knocked down. In vitro surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments showed direct binding between recombinant hCD98 and EPEC/C. rodentium proteins. We also demonstrated that the partial extracellular loop of hCD98 was sufficient for direct binding to EPEC/C. rodentium. These findings demonstrate the importance of the extracellular loop of CD98 in the innate host defense response to intestinal infection by attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens.

• Authors: Moiz A Charania, Hamed Laroui, Hongchun Liu, Emilie Viennois, Saravanan Ayyadurai, Bo Xiao, Sarah A Ingersoll, Daniel Kalman, Didier Merlin
• Journal: Infection and immunity (Infect Immun) Vol. 81 Issue 3 Pg. 923-34 (Mar 2013) ISSN: 1098-5522 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23297381 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Fusion Regulatory Protein-1
• Peroxidase

Topics

• Animals
• Caco-2 Cells
• Citrobacter rodentium
• Colon
• Enterobacteriaceae Infections (immunology, microbiology)
• Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
• Epithelial Cells (immunology, metabolism)
• Female
• Fusion Regulatory Protein-1 (genetics, metabolism)
• Gene Expression Regulation (immunology)
• Humans
• Immunity, Innate
• Intestinal Mucosa (metabolism)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Transgenic
• Peroxidase
• Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)