Vitamin D and breast cancer: emerging concepts.
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| Abstract |
The benefit of vitamin D in cancer prevention and to certain extent therapy has been well recognized. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2 D3) is a natural ligand for vitamin D receptor (VDR). Since 1,25(OH)2D3 exerts toxic effects at a concentration that is beneficial, nearly 1500 analogs of vitamin D have been synthesized and evaluated for their efficacy in a variety of carcinogenesis and human cancer models both in vitro and in vivo. Among these only a handful of them have been approved for evaluation in clinical trials for leukemia, breast, prostate and colon cancers. The mechanism of vitamin D action is mediated by the nuclear VDR and the signaling cascade for its action is extensively reported. In this review we focus on the newer concepts for vitamin D action. These include (1) differential effects of vitamin D in maintaining cell proliferation when the cells are under stress but suppressing cell growth when the cells are transformed; (2) functional significance of VDR polymorphism in potential vitamin D responsiveness; (3) regulation of constitutive splicing of vitamin D target gene, CYP24a, by the hormone and its significance; and (4) regulation of microRNA by vitamin D in breast cancer. It is anticipated that the new work in these selective areas would expand the understanding of vitamin D in breast cancer prevention and therapy.
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| Authors | Rajendra G Mehta, Xinjian Peng, Fatouma Alimirah, Genoveva Murillo, Rajeshwari Mehta |
| Journal | Cancer letters (Cancer Lett) Vol. 334 Issue 1 Pg. 95-100 (Jun 28 2013) ISSN: 1872-7980 [Electronic] Ireland |
| PMID | 23142286 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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