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Hyperpolarized 13C dehydroascorbate as an endogenous redox sensor for in vivo metabolic imaging.

Abstract
Reduction and oxidation (redox) chemistry is involved in both normal and abnormal cellular function, in processes as diverse as circadian rhythms and neurotransmission. Intracellular redox is maintained by coupled reactions involving NADPH, glutathione (GSH), and vitamin C, as well as their corresponding oxidized counterparts. In addition to functioning as enzyme cofactors, these reducing agents have a critical role in dealing with reactive oxygen species (ROS), the toxic products of oxidative metabolism seen as culprits in aging, neurodegenerative disease, and ischemia/ reperfusion injury. Despite this strong relationship between redox and human disease, methods to interrogate a redox pair in vivo are limited. Here we report the development of [1-(13)C] dehydroascorbate [DHA], the oxidized form of Vitamin C, as an endogenous redox sensor for in vivo imaging using hyperpolarized (13)C spectroscopy. In murine models, hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] DHA was rapidly converted to [1-(13)C] vitamin C within the liver, kidneys, and brain, as well as within tumor in a transgenic prostate cancer mouse. This result is consistent with what has been previously described for the DHA/Vitamin C redox pair, and points to a role for hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] DHA in characterizing the concentrations of key intracellular reducing agents, including GSH. More broadly, these findings suggest a prognostic role for this new redox sensor in determining vulnerability of both normal and abnormal tissues to ROS.
AuthorsKayvan R Keshari, John Kurhanewicz, Robert Bok, Peder E Z Larson, Daniel B Vigneron, David M Wilson
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) Vol. 108 Issue 46 Pg. 18606-11 (Nov 15 2011) ISSN: 1091-6490 [Electronic] United States
PMID22042839 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
Chemical References
  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Glutathione
  • Ascorbic Acid
  • Dehydroascorbic Acid
Topics
  • Animals
  • Anisotropy
  • Ascorbic Acid (chemistry, metabolism)
  • Brain (metabolism)
  • Carbon Isotopes (chemistry)
  • Dehydroascorbic Acid (chemistry)
  • Glutathione (metabolism)
  • Kidney (metabolism)
  • Kinetics
  • Liver (metabolism)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (methods)
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (methods)
  • Mice
  • Neoplasms (metabolism)
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Tissue Distribution

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