α1-Antitrypsin low-density-lipoprotein serves as a marker of smoking-specific oxidative stress.

Abstract

AIM:

While smoking cessation (SC) leads to a reduction of cardiovascular events, atherogenic biomarkers specifically connected with cigarette smoking and SC are unknown. Circulating levels of oxidatively modified low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, two novel, oxidatively modified LDL markers, serum amyloid A-LDL (SAA-LDL) and α1-antitrypsin-LDL (AT-LDL), were identified; however, the significance of SAA-LDL and AT-LDL as cardiovascular risk markers is unknown.

METHODS:

We carried out a cross-sectional study involving 243 patients, and determined serum levels of SAA-LDL and AT-LDL.

RESULTS:

Both serum levels of SAA-LDL and AT-LDL were significantly increased in current compared to non-current smokers. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the current smoking status and duration of smoking were strong independent determinants of the AT-LDL level. In contrast, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was the strongest determinant of the SAA-LDL level. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the current smoking status was most closely associated with the AT-LDL level. Successful SC employing a 12-week program significantly increased the body mass index and serum levels of obesity-related markers. Notably, successful SC significantly decreased levels of AT-LDL, but not those of SAA-LDL.

CONCLUSIONS:

The present study provides the first evidence for the distinct characteristics of two novel, oxidatively modified LDL markers, SAA-LDL and AT-LDL. In contrast to SAA-LDL, an inflammatory marker, AT-LDL serves as a marker of smoking-specific oxidative stress. These findings warrant further investigations to clarify if AT-LDL provides a key link between smoking and cardiovascular diseases.

• Authors: Hiromichi Wada, Shuichi Ura, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Shuji Kitaoka, Shinichi Mashiba, Masaharu Akao, Mitsuru Abe, Koh Ono, Tatsuya Morimoto, Masatoshi Fujita, Akira Shimatsu, Yuko Takahashi, Koji Hasegawa
• Journal: Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis (J Atheroscler Thromb) Vol. 19 Issue 1 Pg. 47-58 ( 2012) ISSN: 1880-3873 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 22027559 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Adipokines
• Biomarkers
• Lipoproteins, LDL
• Serine Proteinase Inhibitors
• Serum Amyloid A Protein
• VEGFA protein, human
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
• alpha 1-Antitrypsin
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Adipokines (blood)
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Body Mass Index
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Female
• Humans
• Lipoproteins, LDL (blood)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Oxidative Stress
• Prognosis
• Serine Proteinase Inhibitors (blood)
• Serum Amyloid A Protein (metabolism)
• Smoking (adverse effects, blood)
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (blood)
• alpha 1-Antitrypsin (blood)