Risk of colon cancer and coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened soft drink intake: pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The relationships between coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption and colon cancer risk remain unresolved.

METHODS:

We investigated prospectively the association between coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption and colon cancer risk in a pooled analysis of primary data from 13 cohort studies. Among 731 441 participants followed for up to 6-20 years, 5604 incident colon cancer case patients were identified. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models and then pooled using a random-effects model. All statistical tests were two-sided.

RESULTS:

Compared with nonconsumers, the pooled multivariable relative risks were 1.07 (95% CI = 0.89 to 1.30, P(trend) = .68) for coffee consumption greater than 1400 g/d (about six 8-oz cups) and 1.28 (95% CI = 1.02 to 1.61, P(trend) = .01) for tea consumption greater than 900 g/d (about four 8-oz cups). For sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption, the pooled multivariable relative risk comparing consumption greater than 550 g/d (about 18 oz) to nonconsumers was 0.94 (95% CI = 0.66 to 1.32, P(trend) = .91). No statistically significant between-studies heterogeneity was observed for the highest category of each beverage consumed (P > .20). The observed associations did not differ by sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, or tumor site (P > .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Drinking coffee or sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drinks was not associated with colon cancer risk. However, a modest positive association with higher tea consumption is possible and requires further study.

• Authors: Xuehong Zhang, Demetrius Albanes, W Lawrence Beeson, Piet A van den Brandt, Julie E Buring, Andrew Flood, Jo L Freudenheim, Edward L Giovannucci, R Alexandra Goldbohm, Karen Jaceldo-Siegl, Eric J Jacobs, Vittorio Krogh, Susanna C Larsson, James R Marshall, Marjorie L McCullough, Anthony B Miller, Kim Robien, Thomas E Rohan, Arthur Schatzkin, Sabina Sieri, Donna Spiegelman, Jarmo Virtamo, Alicja Wolk, Walter C Willett, Shumin M Zhang, Stephanie A Smith-Warner
• Journal: Journal of the National Cancer Institute (J Natl Cancer Inst) Vol. 102 Issue 11 Pg. 771-83 (Jun 02 2010) ISSN: 1460-2105 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20453203 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Coffee
• Dietary Sucrose
• Sweetening Agents
• Tea

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Carbonated Beverages (adverse effects)
• Coffee (adverse effects)
• Cohort Studies
• Colonic Neoplasms (etiology, prevention & control)
• Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
• Dietary Sucrose (adverse effects)
• Europe
• Feeding Behavior
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Multivariate Analysis
• North America
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Prospective Studies
• Risk Assessment
• Risk Factors
• Sweetening Agents (adverse effects)
• Tea (adverse effects)