Inflammatory markers are increased in youth with type 1 diabetes: the SEARCH Case-Control study.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Increased inflammation may contribute to type 1 diabetes (T1D) complications.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of the study was to investigate the association of inflammation with obesity, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in youth with T1D.

DESIGN:

This was a cross-sectional study of youth with and without T1D.

SETTING:

The study was conducted in Colorado and South Carolina.

PATIENTS:

SEARCH Case-Control participants with T1D [n = 553, mean age 15 yr (range 10-22), median duration 2.7 yr] and without diabetes [n = 215, mean age 15 yr (range 10-22)].

INTERVENTION:

This was an observational study.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, and leptin were measured.

RESULTS:

Inflammatory markers were evaluated by diabetes status, quartiles of glycated hemoglobin, and obesity using multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, study site, race/ethnicity, T1D duration, body mass index, and pubertal status. Compared with controls, youth with T1D had higher IL-6 and fibrinogen levels at all levels of glycemia and obesity, and hsCRP levels were significantly higher in youth with T1D in the top three quartiles of glycated hemoglobin (> or = 7.2%) and among normal-weight subjects. Leptin was lower in youth with poor glycemic control. Higher hsCRP and fibrinogen were correlated with higher total and LDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B in youth with T1D, whereas higher fibrinogen was correlated with higher LDL and apolipoprotein B in controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

T1D is characterized by excess inflammation, independent of adiposity and glycemic control. Even T1D youth in good glycemic control had higher levels of IL-6 and fibrinogen than controls. Elevated inflammatory markers were associated with an atherogenic lipid profile, which may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis in youth with T1D.

• Authors: Janet K Snell-Bergeon, Nancy A West, Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis, Angela D Liese, Santica M Marcovina, Ralph B D'Agostino Jr, Richard F Hamman, Dana Dabelea
• Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 95 Issue 6 Pg. 2868-76 (Jun 2010) ISSN: 1945-7197 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20371668 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• Interleukin-6
• Leptin
• Fibrinogen
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Adolescent
• Anthropometry
• Biomarkers
• Body Mass Index
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Case-Control Studies
• Child
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Diabetes Complications (blood)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (blood)
• Dyslipidemias (blood)
• Ethnicity
• Female
• Fibrinogen (metabolism)
• Glycated Hemoglobin (metabolism)
• Humans
• Hyperglycemia (blood, complications)
• Inflammation (blood)
• Interleukin-6 (blood)
• Leptin (blood)
• Male
• Obesity (blood, complications)
• Puberty (physiology)
• Young Adult