Noninvasive in vivo imaging of CD4 cells in simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected nonhuman primates.

Abstract

Since the earliest days of the HIV epidemic, the number of CD4(+) T cells per unit volume of blood has been recognized as a major prognostic factor for the development of AIDS in persons with HIV infection. It has also been generally accepted that approximately 2% of total body lymphocytes circulate in the blood. In the present study, we have used a nondepleting humanized anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody labeled with the gamma emitter indium-111 to visualize the CD4(+) T-cell pool in vivo in nonhuman primates with simian HIV infection. A strong correlation was noted between radiotracer uptake in spleen, tonsil, axillary lymph nodes, and peripheral blood CD4 T-cell counts (rho = 0.75, 0.93, and 0.85, respectively, P < .005). The relationship between radiotracer retention in lymphoid tissues and CD4(+) T-cell counts in the circulation was governed by an exponential law. These data provide an estimate for the total number of lymphocytes in the body as being between 1.9 and 2.9 x 10(12) and suggest that the partition between peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue is between 0.3% and 0.5%.

• Authors: Michele Di Mascio, Chang H Paik, Jorge A Carrasquillo, Jin-Soo Maeng, Beom-Su Jang, In Soo Shin, Sharat Srinivasula, Russ Byrum, Achilles Neria, William Kopp, Marta Catalfamo, Yoshiaki Nishimura, Keith Reimann, Malcolm Martin, H Clifford Lane
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 114 Issue 2 Pg. 328-37 (Jul 09 2009) ISSN: 1528-0020 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19417212 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• CD4 Antigens
• Immunoglobulin G

Topics

• Animals
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (immunology)
• CD4 Antigens (immunology)
• CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (immunology, pathology)
• Cell Line
• Disease Models, Animal
• Female
• Immunoglobulin G (immunology)
• Macaca mulatta
• Male
• Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (immunology, pathology, radiotherapy, virology)
• Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (immunology)
• Substrate Specificity
• Tomography