Abstract |
We have previously observed that soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) prevents impairment of cerebrovasodilation induced by hypercapnia and hypotension after hypoxia/ ischemia (H/I) in the newborn pig. In this study, we investigated the role of low-density lipoprotein-related protein (LRP) receptor and the ERK isoform of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in uPA-mediated impairment of vasodilation after H/I in piglets equipped with a closed cranial window. CSF uPA increased from 9+/-2 to 52+/-8 and 140+/-21 ng/ml at 1 and 4 h after H/I, respectively. The LRP antagonist receptor associated protein (RAP) and anti-LRP antibody blunted the increase in CSF uPA at 1 h (17+/-2 ng/ml) but not 4 h post insult. uPA detectable in sham-treated cortex by immunohistochemistry was markedly elevated 4 h after H/I. Phosphorylation (activation) of CSF ERK MAPK was detected at 1 and 4 h post H/I and blocked by RAP. Exogenous uPA administered at 4 h post H/I further stimulated ERK MAPK phosphorylation, which was blocked by RAP. Pre-treatment of piglets with RAP, anti-LRP, and suPAR completely prevented, and the ERK MAPK antagonist U 0126 partially prevented, impaired responses to hypotension and hypercapnia post H/I, but none of these antagonists affected the response to isoproterenol. These data indicate that uPA is upregulated after H/I through an LRP-dependent process and that the released uPA impairs hypercapnic and hypotensive dilation through an LRP- and ERK MAPK dependent pathway. These data suggest that modulation of uPA upregulation and/or uPA-mediated signal transduction may preserve cerebrohemodynamic control after hypoxia/ ischemia.
|
Authors | William M Armstead, Douglas B Cines, Khalil Bdeir, Irina Kulikovskaya, Sherman C Stein, Abd Al-Roof Higazi |
Journal | Brain research
(Brain Res)
Vol. 1231
Pg. 121-31
(Sep 22 2008)
ISSN: 0006-8993 [Print] Netherlands |
PMID | 18656457
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
|
Chemical References |
- Antibodies
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
- Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
|
Topics |
- Animals
- Antibodies
(pharmacology)
- Cerebral Arteries
(drug effects, metabolism, physiopathology)
- Female
- Hypercapnia
(metabolism, physiopathology)
- Hypotension
(metabolism, physiopathology)
- Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
(drug therapy, metabolism, physiopathology)
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
(metabolism)
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
(drug effects)
- Male
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
(metabolism)
- Phosphorylation
(drug effects)
- Sus scrofa
- Time Factors
- Up-Regulation
(drug effects)
- Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
(metabolism, pharmacology)
- Vasodilation
(drug effects)
|