Abstract | PURPOSE: To prospectively compare nephrotoxicity and radiodensity of plasma hyperosmotic gadolinium chelates (attenuation-osmotic ratio of 1:1) with those of plasma iso-osmotic iodine-based contrast media (attenuation-osmotic ratio of 3:1 or 6:1) after renal arteriography in ischemic porcine kidneys. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The local animal care committee approved this study. The following contrast media were used: (a) iodixanol (150 mg of iodine per milliliter and 320 mg I/mL, 0.29 osm/kg H(2)O), (b) iopromide (150 mg I/mL, 0.34 osm/kg), (c) 0.5 mol/L gadodiamide (0.78 osm/kg), and (d) 1.0 mol/L gadobutrol (1.6 osm/kg). After left-sided nephrectomy, contrast media (3 mL per kilogram of body weight) were injected (20 mL/min) in a noncrossover design into the right renal artery of pigs during a 10-minute ischemic period. There were eight pigs in each group and one group for each contrast medium. We compared histomorphology, radiographic contrast medium excretion, subjective radiodensity of nephrograms (70 kVp) at the end of injection, and contrast medium plasma half-life elimination times 1-3 hours after injection. Longer elimination times resulted in lower glomerular filtration rates. RESULTS: CONCLUSION: Plasma iso-osmotic iodine-based contrast media used at commercially available concentrations have superior attenuation and nephrotoxic profiles compared with equal volumes of hyperosmotic nonionic 0.5-1.0 mol/L gadolinium-based contrast media when performing renal arteriographic procedures.
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Authors | Barbara Elmståhl, Ulf Nyman, Peter Leander, Klaes Golman, Chun-Ming Chai, Derek Grant, Richard Doughty, Rikard Pehrson, Jonas Björk, Torsten Almén |
Journal | Radiology
(Radiology)
Vol. 247
Issue 1
Pg. 88-97
(Apr 2008)
ISSN: 1527-1315 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 18292474
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Contrast Media
- Organometallic Compounds
- Triiodobenzoic Acids
- gadobutrol
- gadodiamide
- Gadolinium
- iodixanol
- Gadolinium DTPA
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Topics |
- Animals
- Contrast Media
(adverse effects, pharmacokinetics)
- Gadolinium
(adverse effects, pharmacokinetics)
- Gadolinium DTPA
(adverse effects, pharmacokinetics)
- Ischemia
(diagnostic imaging)
- Kidney
(blood supply, diagnostic imaging, drug effects, pathology)
- Male
- Necrosis
- Organometallic Compounds
(adverse effects, pharmacokinetics)
- Radiography
- Renal Artery
(diagnostic imaging)
- Sus scrofa
- Triiodobenzoic Acids
(adverse effects, pharmacokinetics)
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