Prevalence and determinants of elevated apolipoprotein B and dense low-density lipoprotein in youths with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of elevated apolipoprotein B (apoB) and dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in United States youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

METHODS:

We conducted cross-sectional analyses of apoB concentrations, LDL density, and prevalence of elevated apoB levels and dense LDL from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study, a six-center U.S.-based study of youth with diabetes onset younger than 20 years of age (2657 with type 1 and 345 with type 2).

RESULTS:

Among youth with type 1 diabetes, 11% had elevated apoB (>or=100 mg/dl, 1.95 mm/liter), 8% had dense LDL (relative flotation rate<or=0.237), and 12% had elevated LDL-cholesterol (>or=130 mg/dl, 3.36 mm/liter). In contrast, among youth with type 2 diabetes, 36% had elevated apoB, 36% had dense LDL, but only 23% had elevated LDL-cholesterol. Dense LDL and apoB each increased with hemoglobin A1c in both types. Among type 1 diabetics in poor glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c>or=9.5%), 28% had elevated apoB, and 18% had dense LDL, whereas 72% of poorly controlled type 2 diabetics had elevated apoB and 62% had dense LDL.

CONCLUSIONS:

In youth with type 1 diabetes, elevated apoB and dense LDL were not highly prevalent, whereas elevated apoB and dense LDL were common lipoprotein abnormalities in youth with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of these risk factors substantially increased with poor glycemic control in both groups, stressing the importance of achieving and maintaining an optimal glucose control.

• Authors: John J Albers, Santica M Marcovina, Giuseppina Imperatore, Beverly M Snively, Jeanette Stafford, Wilfred Y Fujimoto, Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis, Diana B Petitti, Catherine Pihoker, Larry Dolan, Dana M Dabelea
• Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 93 Issue 3 Pg. 735-42 (Mar 2008) ISSN: 0021-972X [Print] United States
• PMID: 18089692 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Apolipoproteins B
• Cholesterol, LDL
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• hemoglobin A1c protein, human

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Apolipoproteins B (blood)
• Child
• Cholesterol, LDL (blood)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (blood)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood)
• Glycated Hemoglobin (analysis)
• Humans