Safety, tolerability, and initial efficacy of AZD6140, the first reversible oral adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonist, compared with clopidogrel, in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: primary results of the DISPERSE-2 trial.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

Our goal was to compare the safety and initial efficacy of AZD6140, the first reversible oral adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonist, with clopidogrel in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS).

BACKGROUND:

AZD6140 achieves higher mean levels of platelet inhibition than clopidogrel in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

METHODS:

A total of 990 patients with NSTE-ACS, treated with aspirin and standard therapy for ACS, were randomized in a 1:1:1 double-blind fashion to receive either twice-daily AZD6140 90 mg, AZD6140 180 mg, or clopidogrel 300-mg loading dose plus 75 mg once daily for up to 12 weeks.

RESULTS:

The primary end point, the Kaplan-Meier rate of major or minor bleeding through 4 weeks, was 8.1% in the clopidogrel group, 9.8% in the AZD6140 90-mg group, and 8.0% in the AZD6140 180-mg group (p = 0.43 and p = 0.96, respectively, vs. clopidogrel); the major bleeding rates were 6.9%, 7.1%, and 5.1%, respectively (p = 0.91 and p = 0.35, respectively, vs. clopidogrel). Although not statistically significant, favorable trends were seen in the Kaplan-Meier rates of myocardial infarction (MI) over the entire study period (MI: 5.6%, 3.8%, and 2.5%, respectively; p = 0.41 and p = 0.06, respectively, vs. clopidogrel). In a post-hoc analysis of continuous electrocardiograms, mostly asymptomatic ventricular pauses >2.5 s were more common, especially in the AZD6140 180-mg group (4.3%, 5.5%, and 9.9%, respectively; p = 0.58 and p = 0.01, respectively, vs. clopidogrel).

CONCLUSIONS:

This initial experience with AZD6140 in patients with ACS showed no difference in major bleeding but an increase in minor bleeding at the higher dose with encouraging results on the secondary end point of MI. This agent is currently being studied in a large outcomes trial in 18,000 patients with ACS.

• Authors: Christopher P Cannon, Steen Husted, Robert A Harrington, Benjamin M Scirica, Håkan Emanuelsson, Gary Peters, Robert F Storey, DISPERSE-2 Investigators
• Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (J Am Coll Cardiol) Vol. 50 Issue 19 Pg. 1844-51 (Nov 06 2007) ISSN: 1558-3597 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 17980250 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• P2RY12 protein, human
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
• Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists
• Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12
• Clopidogrel
• Ticagrelor
• Adenosine
• Ticlopidine
• Aspirin

Topics

• Acute Coronary Syndrome (drug therapy, mortality)
• Adenosine (administration & dosage, adverse effects, analogs & derivatives)
• Administration, Oral
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Aspirin (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Clopidogrel
• Double-Blind Method
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Electrocardiography (drug effects)
• Female
• Hemorrhage (chemically induced)
• Humans
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists
• Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12
• Risk Factors
• Ticagrelor
• Ticlopidine (administration & dosage, adverse effects, analogs & derivatives)