Abstract | OBJECTIVE: DESIGN: Prospectively collected hospitalwide surveillance data was obtained by infection control professionals using standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions. SETTING: A tertiary care academic hospital. PATIENTS: All patients admitted from 2000 through 2003. RESULTS: A total of 588 episodes of pneumonia were reported in 556 patients: 327 episodes of VAP in 309 patients, and 261 episodes of HAP in 247 patients. The infecting flora in ventilated patients included gram-positive cocci (32.0% [ oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus {OSSA}, 9.25%; oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus {ORSA}, 17.75%]), gram-negative bacilli (59.0% (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 17.50%; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 6.75%; Acinetobacter species, 7.75%), and miscellaneous pathogens (9.0%). The infecting flora in nonventilated patients included gram-positive cocci (42.59% [OSSA, 13.33%; ORSA, 20.37%]), gram-negative bacilli (39.63% [P. aeruginosa, 9.26%; S. maltophilia, 1.11%; Acinetobacter species, 3.33%), and miscellaneous pathogens (17.78%). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrated that patients with HAP, compared with those with VAP, had a similar frequency of infection with ORSA but less commonly had infections due to P. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, and S. maltophilia. However, the overall frequency of infection with these pathogens was sufficiently high to warrant the use of empirical therapy likely to be active against them. Our data supports using the currently recommended empirical therapy for both HAP and VAP.
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Authors | David J Weber, William A Rutala, Emily E Sickbert-Bennett, Gregory P Samsa, Vickie Brown, Michael S Niederman |
Journal | Infection control and hospital epidemiology
(Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol)
Vol. 28
Issue 7
Pg. 825-31
(Jul 2007)
ISSN: 0899-823X [Print] United States |
PMID | 17564985
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Topics |
- Cross Infection
(microbiology)
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial
- Equipment Contamination
- Gram-Negative Bacteria
(isolation & purification)
- Gram-Positive Bacteria
(isolation & purification)
- Humans
- Infection Control
(methods)
- Pneumonia, Bacterial
(drug therapy, microbiology)
- Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated
(drug therapy, microbiology)
- Prospective Studies
- Ventilators, Mechanical
(adverse effects, microbiology)
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