Activity of 9-nitro-camptothecin, an oral topoisomerase I inhibitor, in myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Topoisomerase I inhibitors, like topotecan, have activity in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). 9-Nitro-camptothecin (9-NC) is a new oral topoisomerase inhibitor with a good safety profile. The aims of the current study were to evaluate the activity and safety of 9-NC in MDS and CMML.

METHODS:

Adults with a diagnosis of MDS (n = 12) and CMML (n = 32) received 9-NC 2 mg/m(2) orally daily 5 days a week, every 4 to 6 weeks.

RESULTS:

Overall, 5 (11%) patients achieved complete response (CR), 7 (16%) had a partial response (PR), and 6 (14%) had hematologic improvement (HI), for an overall response rate of 41%. The response rate was similar in MDS and CMML. Severe (Grade 3-4) side effects included nausea and vomiting (7%), diarrhea (18%), other gastrointestinal toxicities (5%), and genitourinary toxicities (12%).

CONCLUSIONS:

9-NC is active in MDS and CMML. The paucity of available therapies in CMML makes 9-NC a good candidate for further studies as a single agent, or in combination with decitabine, 5-azacitidine or cytarabine.

• Authors: Alfonso Quintas-Cardama, Hagop Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Elias Jabbour, Francis Giles, Farhad Ravandi, Stefan Faderl, Sherry Pierce, Jenny Shan, Srdan Verstovsek, Jorge Cortes
• Journal: Cancer (Cancer) Vol. 107 Issue 7 Pg. 1525-9 (Oct 01 2006) ISSN: 0008-543X [Print] United States
• PMID: 16955510 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: (c) 2006 American Cancer Society.

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
• rubitecan
• Camptothecin

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Adult
• Aged
• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Camptothecin (administration & dosage, adverse effects, analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Female
• Humans
• Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic (drug therapy)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes (drug therapy)
• Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
• Treatment Outcome