Huntington's disease is a progressive, degenerative disease characterized by abnormal body movements called
chorea, and a reduction of various mental abilities.
3-Nitropropionic acid, an inhibitor of complex II of the electron transport chain, causes
Huntington's disease-like symptoms in rodents. Recently, it has been reported that oxidative stress, which is one of the pathological hallmarks of various
neurodegenerative disorders, also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of
Huntington's disease. The present study was designed to investigate effects of
resveratrol, an
antioxidant with
cyclooxygenase I inhibitory activity, in the
3-nitropropionic acid-induced model of
Huntington's disease. Intraperitoneal administration of
3-nitropropionic acid (20 mg/kg for 4 days) caused significant loss of
body weight, a decline in motor function (locomotor activity, movement pattern and vacuous chewing movements) and poor retention of memory. Repeated treatment with
resveratrol (5 and 10 mg/kg, orally), once daily for a period of 8 days beginning 4 days prior to
3-nitropropionic acid administration, significantly improved the
3-nitropropionic acid-induced motor and
cognitive impairment. Biochemical analysis revealed that systemic
3-nitropropionic acid administration significantly increased lipid peroxidation,
nitrite levels, and depleted
reduced glutathione levels, and decreased
succinate dehydrogenase activity in the brains of rats. The results of the present study indicate that
resveratrol (5 and 10 mg/kg, orally) significantly reversed
3-nitropropionic acid-induced motor and
cognitive impairment, and that the beneficial effects of
resveratrol might be attributed to its
antioxidant activity.