Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with reactivation of human herpesvirus-6.

Abstract

A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment. After the withdrawal of TMP-SMX and the administration of high-dose steroid, these systemic symptoms gradually resolved. During the disease course, the patient showed a transient increase in anti-human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 antibody titers and HHV-6 DNA in the peripheral blood, indicating the reactivation of a latent HHV-6 infection. This is the first case of TMP-SMX-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with the reactivation of a latent viral infection.

• Authors: Taisuke Morimoto, Takeo Sato, Akihiro Matsuoka, Tetsu Sakamoto, Keisuke Ohta, Tsunehiro Ando, Soichiro Ikushima, Kiyofumi Hagiwara, Hiroaki Matsuno, Osamu Akiyama, Masaru Oritsu
• Journal: Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (Intern Med) Vol. 45 Issue 2 Pg. 101-5 ( 2006) ISSN: 1349-7235 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 16484748 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Antibodies, Viral
• DNA, Viral
• Glucocorticoids
• Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Topics

• Adult
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (adverse effects)
• Antibiotic Prophylaxis
• Antibodies, Viral
• Asthma (complications)
• DNA, Viral
• Drug Eruptions (etiology)
• Enteritis (complications)
• Glucocorticoids (therapeutic use)
• Herpesvirus 6, Human (immunology, isolation & purification, physiology)
• Humans
• Male
• Opportunistic Infections (etiology, prevention & control)
• Pulmonary Eosinophilia (complications, drug therapy)
• Recurrence
• Roseolovirus Infections (etiology)
• Treatment Outcome
• Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination (adverse effects)
• Virus Activation (drug effects)