Long-term efficacy of bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade vs heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary revascularization: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

In the Randomized Evaluation in PCI Linking Angiomax to Reduced Clinical Events (REPLACE)-2 trial, bivalirudin with provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (Gp IIb/IIIa) inhibition was found to be noninferior to heparin plus planned Gp IIb/IIIa blockade in the prevention of acute ischemic end points and was associated with significantly less bleeding by 30 days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

OBJECTIVE:

To determine whether the efficacy of bivalirudin remains comparable with that of heparin plus Gp IIb/IIIa blockade over 6 months and 1 year.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:

Follow-up study to 1 year of a randomized, double-blind trial conducted among 6010 patients undergoing urgent or elective PCI at 233 community or referral hospitals in 9 countries from October 2001 through August 2002.

INTERVENTIONS:

Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenously bivalirudin (0.75 mg/kg bolus, 1.75 mg/kg per hour for the duration of PCI), with provisional Gp IIb/IIIa inhibition, or to receive heparin (65 U/kg bolus), with planned Gp IIb/IIIa inhibition (abciximab or eptifibatide). Both groups received daily aspirin and a thienopyridine for at least 30 days after PCI.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or repeat revascularization by 6 months and death by 12 months after enrollment.

RESULTS:

At 6 months, death occurred in 1.4% of patients in the heparin plus Gp IIb/IIIa group and in 1.0% of patients in the bivalirudin group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-1.14; P =.15). Myocardial infarction occurred in 7.4% and 8.2% of patients, respectively (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.93-1.34; P =.24), and repeat revascularization was required in 11.4% and 12.1% of patients, respectively (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.91-1.23; P =.45). By 1 year, death occurred in 2.46% of patients treated with heparin plus Gp IIb/IIIa blockade and in 1.89% of patients treated with bivalirudin (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.55-1.11; P =.16). Nonsignificant trends toward lower 1-year mortality with bivalirudin were present in all patient subgroups analyzed and were of greatest magnitude among high-risk patients.

CONCLUSION:

Long-term clinical outcome with bivalirudin and provisional Gp IIb/IIIa blockade is comparable with that of heparin plus planned Gp IIb/IIIa inhibition during contemporary PCI.

• Authors: A Michael Lincoff, Neal S Kleiman, Dean J Kereiakes, Frederick Feit, John A Bittl, J Daniel Jackman, Ian J Sarembock, David J Cohen, Douglas Spriggs, Ramin Ebrahimi, Gadi Keren, Jeffrey Carr, Eric A Cohen, Amadeo Betriu, Walter Desmet, Wolfgang Rutsch, Robert G Wilcox, Pim J de Feyter, Alec Vahanian, Eric J Topol, REPLACE-2 Investigators
• Journal: JAMA (JAMA) Vol. 292 Issue 6 Pg. 696-703 (Aug 11 2004) ISSN: 1538-3598 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 15304466 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Anticoagulants
• Hirudins
• Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
• Peptide Fragments
• Peptides
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
• Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
• Recombinant Proteins
• Heparin
• Eptifibatide
• bivalirudin
• Abciximab

Topics

• Abciximab
• Aged
• Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (therapeutic use)
• Anticoagulants (therapeutic use)
• Double-Blind Method
• Eptifibatide
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Heparin (therapeutic use)
• Hirudins
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments (therapeutic use)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Peptide Fragments (therapeutic use)
• Peptides (therapeutic use)
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Recombinant Proteins (therapeutic use)
• Survival Analysis
• Treatment Outcome