Depression and late mortality after myocardial infarction in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease study was a multicenter clinical trial in which patients with depression and/or low perceived social support after an acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to an intervention consisting of cognitive behavior therapy and, in some cases, sertraline, or to usual care. There was no difference in survival between the groups. A possible reason why the intervention failed to affect survival is that too many patients with mild, transient depression were enrolled. Another is that some patients died too soon to complete the intervention. This analysis evaluates whether there was a difference in late (ie, > or =6 months after the myocardial infarction) mortality among initially depressed patients who had a Beck Depression Inventory score > or =10 and a past history of major depression, and who completed the 6-month post-treatment assessment. It also examines the relationship between change in depression and late mortality.

METHODS:

Out of the 1,165 (47%) of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease study participants who met our criteria, 57 died in the first 6 months, and 858 (409 usual care, 449 intervention) completed the 6-month assessment. Cox regression was used to analyze survival.

RESULTS:

The intervention did not affect late mortality. However, intervention patients whose depression did not improve were at higher risk for late mortality than were patients who responded to treatment.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients whose depression is refractory to cognitive behavior therapy and sertraline, two standard treatments for depression, are at high risk for late mortality after myocardial infarction.

• Authors: Robert M Carney, James A Blumenthal, Kenneth E Freedland, Marston Youngblood, Richard C Veith, Matthew M Burg, Carol Cornell, Patrice G Saab, Peter G Kaufmann, Susan M Czajkowski, Allan S Jaffe, ENRICHD Investigators
• Journal: Psychosomatic medicine (Psychosom Med) 2004 Jul-Aug Vol. 66 Issue 4 Pg. 466-74 ISSN: 1534-7796 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 15272090 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
• Sertraline

Topics

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
• Combined Modality Therapy
• Depressive Disorder (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Myocardial Infarction (mortality, psychology)
• Personality Inventory
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
• Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• Sertraline (therapeutic use)
• Social Support
• Survival Analysis
• Treatment Outcome