Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-12 (rhBMP-12) on regeneration of periodontal attachment following tooth replantation in dogs.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

Subcutaneous and intramuscular implants of bone morphogenetic protein-12 (BMP-12) have been shown to induce formation of tendon and ligament tissue. BMP-12 induced a new attachment with a distinct fibrocartilaginous zone at the tendon-bone interface in the rat tendon-bone attachment model. Surgical controls showed poor healing and failure to reform the appropriate tendon-bone attachment morphologically. Application of recombinant human BMP-12 (rhBMP-12) to periodontal defects suggests that rhBMP-12 has the potential to support regeneration of the periodontal ligament (PDL). The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate this effect of rhBMP-12 in a tooth replantation model.

METHODS:

Six, young adult, male Hound Labrador mongrel dogs were used. Maxillary and/or mandibular incisor and premolar teeth were extracted and the PDL was either left "intact" or removed by root planing. rhBMP-12 (1.0 mg/ml) or a buffer control was topically applied to teeth with "intact" PDL in contralateral jaw quadrants in each of 3 animals. The teeth were immersed in 1.0 ml of the rhBMP-12 or the buffer solution for 10 min and then replanted. The remaining three animals received rhBMP-12 (1.0 mg/ml) and the buffer control in a similar fashion applied to teeth instrumented to remove the PDL and cementum, and surface demineralized with citric acid. The animals were euthanized at 8 weeks postsurgery and block sections were collected and processed for histopathologic analysis.

RESULTS:

No dramatic differences were found between teeth receiving topical rhBMP-12 and the buffer control. Application of rhBMP-12 did not have an apparent effect on new cementum and PDL formation in the tooth replantation model. Moreover, application of rhBMP-12 did not increase nor did it decrease the apparent presence and extent of ankylosis along the root surface compared to the control.

CONCLUSIONS:

The observations from this study do not support the use of topical rhBMP-12 to support the reestablishment of the PDL including regeneration of cementum and functionally oriented fibers, and to prevent ankylosis and root resorption following replantation of teeth.

• Authors: Rachel G Sorensen, Giuseppe Polimeni, Atsuhiro Kinoshita, John M Wozney, Ulf M E Wikesjö
• Journal: Journal of clinical periodontology (J Clin Periodontol) Vol. 31 Issue 8 Pg. 654-61 (Aug 2004) ISSN: 0303-6979 [Print] United States
• PMID: 15257744 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• BMP2 protein, human
• Bmp2 protein, rat
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
• Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
• Transforming Growth Factor beta

Topics

• Animals
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
• Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (therapeutic use)
• Combined Modality Therapy
• Dogs
• Humans
• Male
• Periodontal Attachment Loss (complications, therapy)
• Periodontal Ligament (drug effects)
• Pilot Projects
• Rats
• Root Resorption (complications)
• Tooth Ankylosis (complications)
• Tooth Replantation (methods)
• Transforming Growth Factor beta