Regulation of immune function by calorie restriction and cyclophosphamide treatment in lupus-prone NZB/NZW F1 mice.

Abstract	We compared the effects of calorie restriction (CR) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) on the progression of lupus nephritis and immunological changes in NZB/NZW F1 mice. Ad libitum (AL)/CTX and CR delayed onset of proteinuria and significantly decreased serum levels of anti-dsDNA, anti-histone, and circulating immune complex antibodies. CTX and CR prevented the increase in and activation of B cells, the decline in CD8(+) T cells, and maintained a higher proportion of naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells. MHC class I antigen and LFA-1 expression on CD8(+) T cells and MHC class II antigen on B cells were also decreased. AL/CTX and CR prevented the increase in production of IL-10 and up-regulated IL-2 production in T cells ex vivo. We concluded that both CR and CTX can delay the onset of autoimmune disease, in part by maintaining higher numbers of naïve T cells and the immune responsiveness of T cells and decreasing the proportion of B cells.
Authors	Dongxu Sun, Aparna Krishnan, Jianrong Su, Richard Lawrence, Khaliquz Zaman, Gabriel Fernandes
Journal	Cellular immunology (Cell Immunol) Vol. 228 Issue 1 Pg. 54-65 (Mar 2004) ISSN: 0008-8749 [Print] Netherlands
PMID	15203320 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References	Antibodies, Antinuclear Antigen-Antibody Complex Antigens, CD B7-1 Antigen B7-2 Antigen Cd86 protein, mouse Histocompatibility Antigens Histones Immunosuppressive Agents Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 Membrane Glycoproteins Cyclophosphamide DNA
Topics	Animals Antibodies, Antinuclear (blood) Antigen-Antibody Complex (blood) Antigens, CD (metabolism) B-Lymphocytes (immunology) B7-1 Antigen (metabolism) B7-2 Antigen CD4-CD8 Ratio Caloric Restriction Cyclophosphamide (pharmacology) DNA (immunology) Female Histocompatibility Antigens (metabolism) Histones (immunology) Immunosuppressive Agents (pharmacology) Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic (immunology, pathology) Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (metabolism) Membrane Glycoproteins (metabolism) Mice Mice, Inbred NZB Mice, Inbred Strains Spleen (cytology, drug effects, immunology) T-Lymphocytes (immunology) T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer (immunology)

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