Pharmacokinetics of SLI381 (ADDERALL XR), an extended-release formulation of Adderall.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of a single daily dose of Adderall (mixed amphetamine salts) and the extended-release formulation, SLI381 (ADDERALL XR), in pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

METHOD:

Fifty-one children (aged 6-12 years) with ADHD participated in a 6-week, seven-visit, PK and pharmacodynamic study. PK sampling occurred during visit 1 and again at visit 7. At visit 1, subjects received an initial oral dose of SLI381, 20 mg. At visit 7 subjects completed 1 week of medication treatment following random assignment to once-daily orally dosed SLI381 10 mg, 20 mg, or 30 mg; Adderall 10 mg; or placebo.

RESULTS:

PK parameters evidenced substantial intersubject variability (coefficients of variation = 28-56%). Time to maximum concentration (Tmax) for SLI381 versus Adderall showed average increases of 3.0 hours for dextroamphetamine (t = -2.35, p = .04, df = 8.6) and 3.2 hours for levoamphetamine (t = -2.39, p = .04, df = 9.2). The d- and l-isomer concentrations were highly correlated and approximated a 3:1 ratio.

CONCLUSIONS:

SLI381 showed extended Tmax values compared with Adderall and appears suitable for once-daily dosing. Intersubject variability underscores the need for individual dose titration.

• Authors: James J McGough, Joseph Biederman, Laurence L Greenhill, James T McCracken, Thomas J Spencer, Kelly Posner, Sharon Wigal, Jeffrey Gornbein, Simon Tulloch, James M Swanson
• Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry) Vol. 42 Issue 6 Pg. 684-91 (Jun 2003) ISSN: 0890-8567 [Print] United States
• PMID: 12921476 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Adderall
• Amphetamines
• Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Delayed-Action Preparations
• SLI381

Topics

• Amphetamines (pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use)
• Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (drug therapy)
• Central Nervous System Stimulants (therapeutic use)
• Child
• Cluster Analysis
• Cross-Over Studies
• Delayed-Action Preparations
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Humans
• Male