Abstract |
Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in cell cultures is generally studied in a medium, such as artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with an ion composition similar to that of the extracellular fluid of the normal brain (2 to 4 mmol/L K+, 2 to 3 mmol/L Ca2+; pH 7.4). Because the distribution of ions across cell membranes dramatically shifts during ischemia, the authors exposed mouse organotypic hippocampal tissue cultures to OGD in a medium, an ischemic cerebrospinal fluid, with an ion composition similar to the extracellular fluid of the brain during ischemia (70 mmol/L K+, 0.3 mmol/L Ca2+; pH 6.8). In ischemic CSF, OGD induced a selective and delayed cell death in the CA1 region, as assessed by propidium iodide uptake. Cell death was glutamate receptor dependent since blockade of the N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors mitigated cell damage. Hyperglycemia aggravates ischemic brain damage whereas glucose in artificial CSF prevents oxygen deprivation-induced damage. The authors demonstrate that glucose in ischemic CSF significantly exacerbates cell damage after oxygen deprivation. This new model of " ischemia" can be useful in future studies of the mechanisms and treatment of ischemic cell death, including studies using genetically modified mice.
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Authors | Anna Rytter, Tobias Cronberg, Fredrik Asztély, Sailasree Nemali, Tadeusz Wieloch |
Journal | Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
(J Cereb Blood Flow Metab)
Vol. 23
Issue 1
Pg. 23-33
(Jan 2003)
ISSN: 0271-678X [Print] United States |
PMID | 12500088
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
- Ions
- Receptors, AMPA
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
- Dizocilpine Maleate
- Hydrogen
- Glucose
- Potassium
- Calcium
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Topics |
- Animals
- Brain Ischemia
(metabolism, pathology, physiopathology)
- Calcium
(metabolism)
- Cerebrospinal Fluid
(metabolism)
- Culture Techniques
(methods)
- Dizocilpine Maleate
(pharmacology)
- Electrophysiology
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
(pharmacology)
- Glucose
(deficiency, pharmacology)
- Hippocampus
(drug effects, metabolism, pathology, physiopathology)
- Hydrogen
(metabolism)
- Hypoxia
(pathology)
- Ions
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Potassium
(metabolism)
- Receptors, AMPA
(antagonists & inhibitors)
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
(antagonists & inhibitors)
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