Abstract |
Monoamine oxidase A ( MAO A) is located on the X chromosome and metabolizes biogenic amines including dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. A functional promoter-region polymorphism of this gene has been described that has been studied in a number of mental illnesses but not in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD). In the current study, we examined the MAO A promoter-region polymorphism initially in 133 triads and observed preferential transmission of the long alleles from 74 heterozygote mothers to ADHD probands (chi(2) = 4.37, P = 0.036, df = 1). We also examined the role of this polymorphism in a computerized continuous performance test, the TOVA. Significant differences were observed on errors of commission (chi(2) = 7.021, P = 0.008) and patients carrying the long MAO A allele made significantly more such errors. Errors of commission are a measure of impulsivity. However, following Ritalin ( methylphenidate) administration the association between this polymorphism and errors of commission was markedly attenuated and no longer significant at the P < 0.05 level. We also analyzed the provisional association by the case-control design. A significant difference in allele frequency was observed between 110 male probands vs 202 male controls (Pearson chi(2) = 7.94, P = 0.047). Similarly results were obtained when 19 female probands were compared to female controls (genotype chi(2) = 21.28; P = 0.0032, 3 df and allele chi(2) = 30.88, P= 0.0007, 2 df). All three complementary approaches employed (family-based, case-control and quantitative trait design) suggest a role for the MAO A promoter-region polymorphism in conferring risk for ADHD in our patient population.
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Authors | I Manor, S Tyano, E Mel, J Eisenberg, R Bachner-Melman, M Kotler, R P Ebstein |
Journal | Molecular psychiatry
(Mol Psychiatry)
Vol. 7
Issue 6
Pg. 626-32
( 2002)
ISSN: 1359-4184 [Print] England |
PMID | 12140786
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
(enzymology, genetics)
- Chromosomes, Human, X
- DNA
(blood, genetics)
- Family
- Female
- Genetic Carrier Screening
- Genotype
- Humans
- Male
- Monoamine Oxidase
(genetics)
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Psychological Tests
- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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