This study was conducted to compare the
antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability, over 12 weeks, of a
losartan-based treatment regimen and placebo in patients with
isolated systolic hypertension. Three hundred eight patients > or =35 years of age with
isolated systolic hypertension, defined as trough sitting blood pressure between 140 and 200 mm Hg systolic and between 70 and 89 mm Hg diastolic, were randomized to
losartan 50 mg (n=157) or placebo (n=151) once daily, with titration as necessary to achieve a goal trough sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140 mm Hg. At baseline, mean trough sitting SBP was 140-159 mm Hg in 20.5% of patients, 160-179 mm Hg in 62.7%, and 180-200 mm Hg in 16.9%, and was similar in the two groups (
losartan, 165.3 mm Hg; placebo, 166.1 mm Hg). At 12 weeks, mean trough sitting SBP decreased significantly (p<0.001) in both the
losartan-based treatment group (by 19.2 mm Hg) and in the placebo group (by 7.6 mm Hg). The reduction in sitting SBP was significantly greater for
losartan than placebo (-11.6 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, -14.8 to -8.4). In patients with
isolated systolic hypertension, a once-daily
losartan-based treatment regimen significantly lowered SBP. The
losartan-based regimen exhibited
antihypertensive efficacy that was superior to that of placebo, with a similar tolerability profile.