Calcineurin Inhibitors

Compounds that inhibit or block the PHOSPHATASE activity of CALCINEURIN.

Also Known As:

Calcineurin Antagonists; Calcineurin Blockers; Protein Phosphatase 3 Inhibitors; Protein Phosphatase-2B Inhibitors; Inhibitor, Calcineurin; Protein Phosphatase 2B Inhibitors; Calcineurin Inhibitor

Networked: 2553 relevant articles (196 outcomes, 199 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Chemical Actions and Uses
- Pharmacologic Actions: 160
  - Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action: 24
    - Enzyme Inhibitors: 1659
      - Calcineurin Inhibitors: 2553

Experts

1.	Campistol, Josep M: 16 articles (09/2013 - 03/2004)
2.	Ponticelli, Claudio: 13 articles (10/2021 - 11/2004)
3.	Diekmann, Fritz: 11 articles (01/2021 - 02/2006)
4.	Legendre, Christophe: 11 articles (01/2019 - 11/2005)
5.	Perales, Miguel-Angel: 9 articles (01/2022 - 06/2014)
6.	Bashey, Asad: 9 articles (01/2021 - 11/2014)
7.	Rostaing, Lionel: 9 articles (11/2020 - 02/2006)
8.	Antin, Joseph H: 9 articles (01/2019 - 05/2004)
9.	Pal, Soumitro: 9 articles (01/2017 - 07/2008)
10.	Heitman, Joseph: 8 articles (01/2022 - 06/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema) 06/01/2016 - "Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) exhibit remarkable efficacy in atopic dermatitis (AD). " 06/01/2006 - "The introduction of topical calcineurin inhibitors resulted in a significant improvement in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. " 01/01/2005 - "In several clinical studies of children and adults with atopic dermatitis, topical calcineurin inhibitors were found to be effective both on the face and the trunk and extremities, in both short- and long-term treatment regimens. " 10/01/2004 - "In several clinical studies, topical calcineurin inhibitors have been shown to be effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). " 05/01/2011 - "Topically applied calcineurin inhibitors have been shown to be effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. "
2.	Nephrotic Syndrome (Syndrome, Nephrotic) 01/01/2023 - "Among the children who do not respond, defined as having steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, most respond to second-line immunosuppression, mainly with calcineurin inhibitors, and children in whom a response is not observed are described as multidrug resistant. " 01/01/2023 - "While 44-83% of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) without a proven genetic cause respond to treatment with a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), current guidelines recommend against the use of immunosuppression in monogenic SRNS. " 01/01/2023 - "A multicenter retrospective study of calcineurin inhibitors in nephrotic syndrome secondary to podocyte gene variants." 10/01/2021 - "Calcineurin inhibitors and renal biopsy in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome." 01/01/2021 - "Calcineurin inhibitors in nephrotic syndrome secondary to podocyte gene mutations: a systematic review."
3.	Proteinuria 07/15/2021 - "Calcineurin inhibitors are recommended as most effective in inducing remission of proteinuria, the chief factor associated with long-term renal survival. " 10/02/2018 - "Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) were administered in 5 cases, complete remission of proteinuria was observed in 3 cases, partial remission in the other 2 cases. " 10/01/2017 - "Complete and partial remission of proteinuria within 12 months of disease onset occurred in 24.5% and 16.5% of children, respectively, with the highest remission rates achieved with calcineurin inhibitor-based protocols. " 01/01/2012 - "This analysis based on Chinese adults and short duration RCTs suggested calcineurin inhibitors, especially TAC, were more effective in proteinuria reduction in IMN with acceptable side effects. " 01/01/2020 - "We discuss the need for further study of calcineurin inhibitors in more diverse patient populations and the need for trials with longer follow-up with "hard" endpoints beyond proteinuria reduction, such as worsening CKD or repeat protocol biopsies, given the calcineurin inhibitors ability to reduce proteinuria non-immunologically and thus increased rate of relapse when the drug is tapered. "
4.	Infections 04/01/2011 - "Outcomes may be improved if the neurological complications can be minimized; for example, the administration of a calcineurin inhibitor can be delayed, and the management of HCV infection recurrence can be improved." 01/01/2021 - "The aims of this study were to determine the impact of DAA on the sustained virologic response (SVR), renal function, and calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) levels and assess the tolerability to treatment in kidney transplant recipients with HCV infection in Qatar. " 01/01/2022 - "Calcineurin inhibitor selection has no significant influence on death-censored graft survival, mortality, and overall infection risk in ≥60-y-old kidney transplant recipients." 01/01/2022 - "Whether the choice of calcineurin inhibitor influences graft survival, mortality, or key secondary outcomes such as infections in this vulnerable recipient population is unknown. " 01/01/2021 - "In this case, successful modification of this immunosuppressive regimen was accomplished to reduce drug interaction complications, aiming to avoid calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity while maintaining appropriate levels of immunosuppression to prevent organ rejection and to promote the patient's recovery from infection."
5.	Vitiligo 12/01/2019 - "The efficacy of topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) for the treatment of infants with vitiligo aged less than 2 years remains to be fully determined. " 04/01/2013 - "Efficacy of topical calcineurin inhibitors in vitiligo." 01/01/2021 - "Topical calcineurin inhibitors are used off label in the treatment of vitiligo, and there is a lack of placebo-controlled, blinded studies to support their use. " 05/01/2016 - "The combination of EL and topical calcineurin inhibitors (4 studies: relative risk 1.93, 95% confidence interval 1.28-2.91; number needed to treat 4.5, 95% confidence interval 2.9-10) was superior to EL monotherapy for vitiligo. " 04/01/2013 - "Additional studies would further clarify the role of topical calcineurin inhibitors in vitiligo."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)
3.	Steroids
4.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)
5.	Sirolimus (Rapamycin)
6.	Mycophenolic Acid (Cellcept)
7.	Rituximab (Mabthera)
8.	pimecrolimus (Elidel)
9.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
10.	Glucocorticoids

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Transplantation
3.	Kidney Transplantation
4.	Liver Transplantation
5.	Cell Transplantation