Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries

Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.

Also Known As:

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Contusion; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Transection; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Trauma; Recurrent Laryngeal Neuropathy, Traumatic

Networked: 251 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 14 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hypoparathyroidism
2.	Hoarseness
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
4.	Hematoma
5.	Hemorrhage

Experts

1.	Tufano, Ralph P: 6 articles (01/2022 - 12/2010)
2.	Gourin, Christine G: 4 articles (01/2020 - 12/2010)
3.	Shiotani, Akihiro: 4 articles (07/2007 - 02/2003)
4.	Mahoney, Reid C: 3 articles (11/2021 - 01/2021)
5.	Murayama, Kenric M: 3 articles (11/2021 - 01/2021)
6.	Vossler, John D: 3 articles (11/2021 - 01/2021)
7.	Woodruff, Stacey L: 3 articles (11/2021 - 01/2021)
8.	Sosa, Julie Ann: 3 articles (11/2018 - 06/2007)
9.	Chen, Shicai: 3 articles (12/2011 - 08/2002)
10.	Zheng, Hongliang: 3 articles (12/2011 - 08/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries:

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 04/01/2013 - "The complications from the olden days reduced with improvement in understanding the disease process, development of antibiotics, anaesthesia and now restricted mainly to hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries. "
2.	BariumIBA 09/01/2011 - "After barium swallow study and CT examination in the quiescent stage of infection, 5 patients could be seen fistula in the pyriform, all the patients were found scar tissue near the left thyroid lobe, 4 patients received direct laryngoscope examination and 3 of them could be found inner orifice near the apex of pyriform sinus, fistula and the involved lobe of thyroid were successfully excised without permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or hypothyroidism. "
3.	Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)IBA 02/01/2006 - "Adenoviral GDNF gene transfer enhances neurofunctional recovery after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury." 02/07/2003 - "These results indicate that adenovirus-mediated GDNF gene transfer may prevent the degeneration of motoneurons in humans after either vagal nerve injury or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury." 03/03/2006 - "These results indicate that adenovirus-mediated BDNF and GDNF gene transfer may prevent the degeneration of motoneurons in humans after either vagal nerve injury or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury."
4.	Thyroglobulin FDA Link 07/01/2016 - "There were no statistically significant differences between body habitus indexes and postoperative length of hospital stay, number of retrieved central lymph nodes, postoperative thyroglobulin levels, occurrence of hypoparathyoidism, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and wound complication. " 09/20/2017 - "There is no significant difference in the incidences of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury(OR=2.21,95%CI0.9-5.07,P>0.05),transient hypoparathyroidism (OR=0.78, 95%CI0.48-1.28, P>0.05), serum thyroglobulin after five years followed up (MD-0.05, 95%CI -0.25-0.16, P>0.05), number of retrieved central lymph nodes (MD=-0.36, 95%CI -0.72-0.01, P>0.05) and number of retrieved central positive lymph nodes (MD=-0.15, 95%CI -0.45-0.16, P>0.05).Conclusion:Using MIVAT treating papillary thyroid carcinoma (without lymph node metastasis) is safe when its indications are strictly controlled." 03/01/2017 - "However, the incidence of other outcomes including hospital stay, postoperative duration, thyroglobulin level, radioactive iodine ablation, hemorrhage, chyle leakage, wound infection, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and loco-regional recurrence did not significantly differ between the endoscopic thyroidectomy and the robotic thyroidectomy. "
5.	CalciumIBA 06/01/1996 - "Post-operatively a permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in four patients (2.1%) and nine patients (4.7%) required a permanent calcium supplementation. " 11/08/2023 - "Surgical complications included 2 hematomas (1.4%), 1 recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (<1%), and no patient required readmission for intravenous calcium. " 09/01/2021 - "By age, there was no difference in preoperative calcium (10.8, 10.9; p = 0.91) or in rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, hypoparathyroidism, or persistent/recurrent pHPT. "
6.	Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor)IBA 12/01/2000 - "Expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 in the nucleus ambiguus following recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in the rat." 11/01/2018 - "Regenerative Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Restoration of Thyroarytenoid Muscle Atrophy Caused by Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Transection."
7.	Nerve Growth Factors (Neurotrophins)IBA 02/01/2016 - "Neurotrophin expression and laryngeal muscle pathophysiology following recurrent laryngeal nerve transection." 08/01/2010 - "Neurotrophin expression of laryngeal muscles in response to recurrent laryngeal nerve transection."
8.	MagnesiumIBA 01/01/2020 - "Short- and long-term hypocalcemia were significantly more likely in women (short-term: odds ratio [OR], 1.39 [95% CI, 1.29-1.50]; long-term: OR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.52-1.89]), those younger than 40 years (short-term: OR for ages 40-64 years, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.78-0.87]; long-term: OR for ages 40-64 years, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.67-0.79]), those with a diagnosis of thyroiditis (short-term: OR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.16-1.89]; long-term: OR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.13-2.26]) or cancer (short-term: OR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.05-1.67]; long-term: OR, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.83-1.63]), vitamin D deficiency (short-term: OR, 1.96 [95% CI, 1.74-2.21]; long-term: OR, 3.72 [95% CI, 3.30-4.18]), concurrent lateral neck dissection (short-term: OR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.37-1.66]; long-term: OR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.69-2.26]), concurrent central neck dissection (short-term: OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.07-1.24]; long-term: OR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.12-1.40]), intraoperative parathyroid (short-term: OR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.46-1.71]; and long-term: OR, 2.05 [95% CI, 1.82-2.31]) or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (short-term: OR, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.27-1.74]; long-term: OR, 2.04 [95% CI, 1.64-2.54]), and magnesium disorders (short-term: OR, 8.40 [95% CI, 7.21-9.79]; long-term: OR, 25.23 [95% CI, 19.80-32.17]). " 01/01/2016 - "Hypocalcemia was reported in 6% of patients and was significantly more common for the following variables: women, age <65 years, patients from the Northeast, total thyroidectomy ± neck dissection patients, low-volume surgical care, malignancy, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and patients with disorders of magnesium or phosphate metabolism (P < .001). "
9.	IodineIBA 07/01/2014 - "Herein, we summarize the latest major trends and controversies within the field of thyroid oncology as discussed in the Congress including the use of ultrasound, standardization of cytology, role of molecular testing, treatment options for small recurrence including ablation and observation, management of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, importance of identification of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, role of minimally invasive thyroid surgery, trends in radioactive iodine treatment, advancements in targeted agents, and the importance of personalizing treatment to individual patients." 03/01/2017 - "However, the incidence of other outcomes including hospital stay, postoperative duration, thyroglobulin level, radioactive iodine ablation, hemorrhage, chyle leakage, wound infection, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and loco-regional recurrence did not significantly differ between the endoscopic thyroidectomy and the robotic thyroidectomy. "
10.	CollagenIBA 04/01/2022 - "Following left recurrent laryngeal nerve transection, rabbit vocal cords were injected with jellyfish collagen, Cymetra®, or Restylane®. " 06/01/2017 - "Insights into the Therapeutic Potential of Heparinized Collagen Scaffolds Loading Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Nerve Growth Factor for the Repair of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Thyroidectomy 07/01/2015 - "Routine neuromonitoring in total thyroidectomy with low risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is neither cost-useful nor cost-effective in the Colombian health system." 01/01/2018 - "Protective Effects of Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring (IONM) for Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury in Thyroidectomy: Meta-analysis." 01/01/2023 - "A recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is a serious complication, and further studies are required to determine the safest techniques for thyroidectomy. " 01/01/2023 - "Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy: A national study from Saudi Arabia." 05/01/2018 - "The objective of this study was to assess the safety and utility of continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring for the prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury during thyroidectomy. "
2.	Therapeutics 06/01/2003 - "Objectives were to create a model of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury for testing the efficacy of potential therapeutic viral gene therapy vectors and to demonstrate that remote injection of a viral vector does not cause significant additional neuronal injury. " 11/01/2014 - "Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury: a preliminary study." 05/01/2008 - "To develop and characterise an experimental model of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury for the study of viral gene therapy. " 05/01/2008 - "Development and characterisation of an experimental recurrent laryngeal nerve injury model for the study of viral gene therapy." 01/01/2022 - "A narrative review of current therapies in unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury caused by thyroid surgery."
3.	Length of Stay 07/01/2023 - "Moreover, the incidence of total complication (p = 0.020) and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (p = 0.001) significantly decreased, and the postoperative hospital stay gradually shortened (p < 0.001). " 01/01/2022 - "Meta-analysis showed that Ivor Lewis procedure was associated with lower rate of anastomosis leak of all grades [risk ratio (RR), 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.55-0.82; P = 0.0001], lower rate of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.08-0.25), and shorter length of hospital stay (weighted mean difference, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04-0.22). " 11/01/2021 - "Nerve monitors were associated with a decreased risk of overall morbidity, decreased recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and decreased extended length of stay without an increased risk of adverse outcomes. " 11/01/2019 - "Secondary outcomes included longer length of hospital stay (incidence rate ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.23-1.36; P < .001]) in the CH group compared with the VSD group but no difference in the odds of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.73-1.11; P = .32) or operative duration (incidence rate ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96-1.01; P = .24). " 11/01/2019 - "Secondary outcomes include recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, operative duration, and hospital length of stay. "
4.	Laryngoscopes 12/01/2023 - "To compare the efficacy of conventional Macintosh laryngoscope with Airtraq videolaryngoscope for visualization of laryngeal structures to rule out recurrent laryngeal nerve injury at the end of thyroidectomy. " 10/01/2016 - "Video laryngoscope aids in the assessment of vocal cord paralysis due to recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroid surgery." 09/01/2011 - "After barium swallow study and CT examination in the quiescent stage of infection, 5 patients could be seen fistula in the pyriform, all the patients were found scar tissue near the left thyroid lobe, 4 patients received direct laryngoscope examination and 3 of them could be found inner orifice near the apex of pyriform sinus, fistula and the involved lobe of thyroid were successfully excised without permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or hypothyroidism. "
5.	Operative Time 05/29/2022 - "About surgical outcomes, the mean operative time was significantly shorter in Group B than in Group A (p < 0.001), while as regards complications, the occurrence of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was significantly greater in Group B than in Group A (p = 0.019). " 03/30/2021 - "Dissection device, side of primary, FEV1, operative time and BMI were independent predictors of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.576, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.490-8.583, P = 0.004; HR = 0.175, 95% CI: 0.072-0.424, P = < 0.001; HR = 3.008, 95% CI: 1.30-6.927, P = 0.010; HR = 0.328, 95% CI: 0.136-0.794, P = 0.013; HR = 0.344, 95%CI: 0.147-0.801, P = 0.013, respectively). " 06/01/2020 - "Short-term outcomes including operative time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative complications including recurrent laryngeal nerve injury were accessed. " 08/01/2012 - "Mean operative time was 38.6 ±15.1 min. Transient versus permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was found in 8 (3.0%) vs. 2 (0.7%) nerves at risk, respectively. " 04/01/2012 - "It also avoids the potential risk of hypocalcaemia, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury along with extended anaesthesia and operative time and in-patient stay. "