Thrombotic Stroke

A type of ischemic stroke resulting from obstruction due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a CEREBRAL ARTERY often associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS. A stroke due to a blood clot in a cerebral vein is a venous infarction (see VENOUS INFARCTION, BRAIN).

Also Known As:

Acute Thrombotic Strokes; Stroke, Acute Thrombotic; Stroke, Thrombotic; Thrombotic Stroke, Acute; Thrombotic Strokes; Acute Thrombotic Stroke

Networked: 200 relevant articles (13 outcomes, 21 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Stroke (Strokes)
2.	Ischemic Stroke
3.	Myocardial Infarction
4.	Cardiac Sudden Death (Sudden Cardiac Arrest)
5.	Thrombosis (Thrombus)

Experts

1.	Jee, Sun Ha: 4 articles (03/2020 - 07/2013)
2.	Vivien, Denis: 4 articles (08/2017 - 10/2011)
3.	Ali, Carine: 3 articles (08/2017 - 10/2011)
4.	Gauberti, Maxime: 3 articles (08/2017 - 10/2011)
5.	Lidegaard, Øjvind: 3 articles (10/2014 - 03/2002)
6.	Warkentin, Theodore E: 3 articles (06/2014 - 03/2005)
7.	Naylor, A R: 3 articles (08/2010 - 01/2000)
8.	Dietrich, W Dalton: 2 articles (12/2022 - 02/2002)
9.	Watson, Brant D: 2 articles (12/2022 - 02/2002)
10.	Durán-Laforet, Violeta: 2 articles (01/2022 - 11/2019)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Thrombotic Stroke:

1.	Ticlopidine (Ticlid)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2003 - "Ticlopidine, originally developed in France, was introduced in 1981 and prevailed widely in Japan for reducing the risk of thrombotic stroke. " 09/01/2002 - "Antiplatelet therapy (ASA alone or with dypiridamole, ticlopidine) is effective in secondary prophylaxis of athero-thrombotic stroke; its use in asymptomatic carotid stenoses can be recommended, even if more because of a plausible rationale than of clinical trial-based evidences." 07/01/1992 - "Ticlopidine is indicated for reducing the risk of thrombotic stroke in patients who have experienced a minor stroke, transient ischemic attack, or completed thrombotic stroke. " 06/01/1995 - "Ticlopidine, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, has been approved to decrease the risk of thrombotic stroke. " 03/01/1996 - "In comparison with aspirin, ticlopidine produced a significant reduction in the risk of stroke in a multicentre clinical trial involving more than 3000 patients with previous transient or persistent minor ischaemia, and was superior to placebo for the prevention of stroke recurrence in more than 1000 patients who had experienced a major thrombotic stroke. "
2.	Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors (Antiplatelet Drugs)IBA 09/01/1992 - "Until admission, he was taking antiplatelet drugs for the purpose of preventing thrombotic stroke. " 06/01/1995 - "Ticlopidine, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, has been approved to decrease the risk of thrombotic stroke. " 11/01/2005 - "Aside from accidents due to inappropriate supervision (oral anticoagulants), which tend to be more frequently hemorrhagic than thrombotic, these declarations highlight the emergence of accidents resulting from poor management of anticoagulant treatment (oral anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs) during invasive procedures, and that are more frequently thrombotic (stroke, myocardial infarction) than hemorrhagic. " 07/01/1997 - "The antiplatelet agent ticlopidine and its analogue, clopidogrel, which does not produce blood dyscrasia, are effective for the secondary prevention of thrombotic stroke and the management of combined arterial thrombotic syndromes. " 02/23/1995 - "Antiplatelet agents are considered most beneficial in thrombotic stroke, anticoagulants are most effective in cardioembolic stroke; antithrombotic agents are generally contraindicated in hemorrhagic stroke. "
3.	Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (Urokinase)FDA Link 07/01/1986 - "The capacity of intracarotid infusion of urokinase to salvage neurologic function in a baboon model of acute thrombotic stroke has been studied. " 11/01/1999 - "This study was designed to investigate possible diurnal fluctuations in the efficacy of thrombolysis with streptokinase and whether they follow the circadian periodicity which has already been well documented for the time of onset of acute myocardial infarction, transient myocardial ischaemia, sudden cardiac death, thrombotic stroke, and for the efficacy of thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen and urokinase. " 11/01/1988 - "This experience and the advent of fibrin-selective agents (tissue plasminogen activator [tPA] and single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator) have led to the development of a multicenter prospective safety/dose-ranging study of tPA in acute (less than eight hours from symptom onset) thrombotic stroke. "
4.	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase)FDA Link 11/01/2019 - "Pharmacological Modulation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Reverses Thrombotic Stroke tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator) Resistance." 09/01/2004 - "By comparing wild-type and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) knockout (tPA-/-) mice, we analyzed the role of endogenous tPA in acute thrombotic stroke. " 08/22/2000 - "Reactions to alteplase in patients with acute thrombotic stroke." 09/15/1997 - "To determine whether plasma tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) levels (a) are higher in patients with novalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) than in control subjects in sinus rhythm; (b) differ between NVAF patients with and without a history of an embolic event (transient ischemic attack or embolic stroke); and (c) differ in control subjects with and without a history of thrombotic stroke. " 01/15/2005 - "Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved treatment of thrombotic stroke and is a major parenchymal serine protease in the brain. "
5.	Prasugrel Hydrochloride FDA Link 12/01/2015 - "These data suggest that prasugrel monotherapy would be effective for the prevention of thrombotic stroke. " 12/01/2015 - "An optimum prophylactic dose of prasugrel monotherapy may safely and effectively prevent the development of experimental thrombotic strokes." 01/01/2023 - "Prasugrel for Secondary Prevention of Thrombotic Stroke." 03/01/2023 - "Efficacy and Safety of Prasugrel vs Clopidogrel in Thrombotic Stroke Patients With Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke Recurrence: A Double-blind, Phase III Study (PRASTRO-III)." 04/03/2023 - "Comparison of Prasugrel and Clopidogrel in Thrombotic Stroke Patients with Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke Recurrence: An Integrated Analysis of PRASTRO-I, PRASTRO-II, and PRASTRO-III."
6.	Clopidogrel (Plavix)FDA Link 03/01/2023 - "Efficacy and Safety of Prasugrel vs Clopidogrel in Thrombotic Stroke Patients With Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke Recurrence: A Double-blind, Phase III Study (PRASTRO-III)." 04/03/2023 - "Comparison of Prasugrel and Clopidogrel in Thrombotic Stroke Patients with Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke Recurrence: An Integrated Analysis of PRASTRO-I, PRASTRO-II, and PRASTRO-III." 03/01/2023 - "To examine the efficacy and safety of prasugrel vs clopidogrel in thrombotic stroke patients at risk of ischemic stroke. " 12/01/2020 - "Antiplatelet medications such as aspirin and clopidogrel are used following thrombotic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) to prevent a recurrent stroke. " 07/01/1997 - "The antiplatelet agent ticlopidine and its analogue, clopidogrel, which does not produce blood dyscrasia, are effective for the secondary prevention of thrombotic stroke and the management of combined arterial thrombotic syndromes. "
7.	Streptokinase FDA Link 11/01/1999 - "This study was designed to investigate possible diurnal fluctuations in the efficacy of thrombolysis with streptokinase and whether they follow the circadian periodicity which has already been well documented for the time of onset of acute myocardial infarction, transient myocardial ischaemia, sudden cardiac death, thrombotic stroke, and for the efficacy of thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen and urokinase. "
8.	PlasminogenIBA 11/01/1999 - "This study was designed to investigate possible diurnal fluctuations in the efficacy of thrombolysis with streptokinase and whether they follow the circadian periodicity which has already been well documented for the time of onset of acute myocardial infarction, transient myocardial ischaemia, sudden cardiac death, thrombotic stroke, and for the efficacy of thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen and urokinase. "
9.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2012 - "In acute coronary syndrome, thrombotic stroke, and Kawasaki's disease, acute use of aspirin can decrease mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events. " 10/01/2006 - "In conclusion, the benefits of low-dose aspirin (75-162 mg/day) in the prevention of myocardial infarction in men and thrombotic stroke in women generally outweigh the risks of serious bleeding in adults with a coronary heart disease risk >1% per year or >1% in 10 years." 07/01/2006 - "In conclusion, the benefits of low-dose aspirin (75-162 mg/day) in the prevention of myocardial infarction in men and thrombotic stroke in women generally outweigh the risks of serious bleeding in adults with a coronary heart disease risk >1% per year or >1% in 10 years." 03/01/1996 - "In comparison with aspirin, ticlopidine produced a significant reduction in the risk of stroke in a multicentre clinical trial involving more than 3000 patients with previous transient or persistent minor ischaemia, and was superior to placebo for the prevention of stroke recurrence in more than 1000 patients who had experienced a major thrombotic stroke. " 05/01/2003 - "Anti-thrombotic stroke prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation were used appropriately for 53% (805/1,518) of patients, aspirin was used appropriately in angina for 90% (952/1,052) of patients and benzodiazepines were used appropriately for 49% (824/1,689) of patients. "
10.	Fibrinolytic Agents (Antithrombotic Agents)IBA 11/01/2001 - "Our current hypothesis is that CD39 will be a novel antithrombotic agent for treating high risk patients who have activated platelets in their circulation--the identifying characteristic of coronary artery occlusion and thrombotic stroke. " 03/01/1995 - "The importance of proactive public educational programmes and rapid and accurate patient identification derive directly from the pathogenesis of thrombotic stroke, and the pharmacology of the thrombolytic agents. " 12/01/1989 - "The use of thrombolytic agents for embolic-thrombotic stroke is less promising: therefore, the risk of hemorrhagic complication may not outweigh the potential benefit. " 02/23/1995 - "Antiplatelet agents are considered most beneficial in thrombotic stroke, anticoagulants are most effective in cardioembolic stroke; antithrombotic agents are generally contraindicated in hemorrhagic stroke. " 02/01/2020 - "Thus, this novel chimeric protein could be of high therapeutic potential as a thrombolytic drug with enhanced fibrin specific clot dissolving properties along with lower bleeding and re-thrombosis complications- a dire need today, especially in the treatment of thrombotic strokes."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 09/01/2010 - "Comparison to matched historical controls suggests that this lower dose in combination therapy may be safe and effective therapy for thrombotic stroke and a randomized trial is warranted. " 10/18/2022 - "In thrombotic stroke, neither a pharmacological inhibitor of GSNOR (GRI) nor RIC therapy alone was protective in diabetic mice. " 01/01/2016 - "A large number of thrombotic strokes occurring in patients with ET underline the necessity of early diagnostics and preventive therapy in these patients." 12/01/2003 - "In order to prevent progression onto postoperative thrombotic stroke 9.7% of women were treated with intravenous Dextran-40 therapy, as opposed to only 2.7% of men (p=0.013). " 01/01/2000 - "Postoperative thrombotic stroke may be reduced in incidence by the use of transcranial Doppler-directed Dextran-40 therapy. "
2.	Thrombolytic Therapy 03/01/2011 - "Exogenous A2 may also offer a novel therapeutic approach to ischemic thrombotic stroke, as administration of A2 in conjunction with conventional tPA-based thrombolytic therapy improved outcome in an animal model. " 01/01/2016 - "The present case highlights the benefit of using intravenous thrombolytic therapy for an acute basilar artery thrombotic stroke after transfemoral TAVI (TF-TAVI) that would otherwise have almost certainly resulted in the patient's death. " 03/01/1988 - "We conclude that local intra-arterial fibrinolytic therapy may lead to cerebral arterial recanalization in acute carotid territory thrombotic stroke. " 01/01/2011 - "If "Time is tissue" when it comes to thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction and thrombotic stroke, then an appropriate rule for life-threatening infections, particularly septic shock, is "Speed is life."" 03/01/2023 - "To demonstrate thrombolytic efficacy of a tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-loaded echogenic liposome (TELIP) formulation in a rabbit thrombotic stroke model (the most relevant animal model for evaluation of directed thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke), we sought to develop a means of monitoring thrombus dissolution quantitatively by ultrasound imaging methods. "
3.	Secondary Prevention 01/01/2023 - "Prasugrel for Secondary Prevention of Thrombotic Stroke." 02/01/2016 - "Treatment with statins has transformed primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including thrombotic stroke. " 07/01/1997 - "The antiplatelet agent ticlopidine and its analogue, clopidogrel, which does not produce blood dyscrasia, are effective for the secondary prevention of thrombotic stroke and the management of combined arterial thrombotic syndromes. "
4.	Thrombectomy 01/01/2016 - "Recently multiple studies demonstrated the advantage of mechanical thrombectomy after thrombotic stroke onset in proximal intracranial arteries over i.v. thrombolysis. "
5.	Intravenous Infusions 05/01/1998 - "Still an experimental approach, the direct intra-arterial infusion of plasminogen activators in the setting of acute thrombotic stroke has received impetus from successful clinical trials of intravenous infusion therapy. "