Aortic Valve Disease

Diseases involving the AORTIC VALVE functionality. Aortic valve disease often results in a backward and/or regurgitated blood flow into the LEFT VENTRICLE or a decreased blood flow from the heart. It includes congenital (e.g., bicuspid aortic valve), syndromic, and acquired (e.g., age-related, infection-associated) conditions.

Also Known As:

Aortic Heart Diseases; Aortic Valve Diseases; Aortic Valve Disorders; Heart Disease, Aortic; Valve Disease, Aortic; Valve Disorder, Aortic; Aortic Heart Disease; Aortic Valve Disorder; Aortic Valvular Heart Disease; Aortic Valvular Heart Disorder

Networked: 802 relevant articles (32 outcomes, 87 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Cardiovascular Diseases: 91362
- Heart Diseases: 26014
  - Heart Valve Diseases: 1865
    - Aortic Valve Disease: 802

Related Diseases

1.	Atherosclerosis
2.	Left Ventricular Dysfunction
3.	Heart Failure
4.	Sclerosis
5.	Aortic Valve Stenosis (Aortic Stenosis)

Experts

1.	Mathieu, Patrick: 15 articles (01/2021 - 08/2012)
2.	Pibarot, Philippe: 12 articles (08/2017 - 10/2011)
3.	Aikawa, Elena: 11 articles (12/2022 - 01/2007)
4.	Boulanger, Marie-Chloé: 11 articles (01/2019 - 01/2014)
5.	Rajamannan, Nalini M: 10 articles (01/2018 - 11/2004)
6.	Merryman, W David: 9 articles (01/2021 - 04/2014)
7.	Dong, Nianguo: 8 articles (01/2022 - 08/2015)
8.	Ferrari, Giovanni: 8 articles (01/2020 - 07/2010)
9.	Bossé, Yohan: 8 articles (12/2016 - 10/2012)
10.	Bouchareb, Rihab: 8 articles (12/2016 - 02/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Aortic Valve Disease:

1.	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)IBA 01/01/2004 - "Nevertheless, no large randomized prospective study has emerged in this field and there is no strong enough evidence for the efficacy of statins in degenerative aortic valve disease." 06/01/2010 - "We review SEAS and SALTIRE starting with the preceding studies and discuss basic science experiments covering the major known contributors to the pathophysiology of calcific aortic valve disease, to conclude with a hypothesis on the absent effect of statins, and suggestions for further research paths." 09/01/2018 - "We aimed to analyse the association between statin treatment and the severity of proximal aortopathy in patients with aortic valve disease. " 10/01/2012 - "These results indicate that the statin paradox can exist within the heterogeneous VIC population of an individual diseased valve and that statin efficacy in the context of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) may be dependent upon the cellular composition of the valve. " 07/01/2007 - "Hence, further information is required to determine if statin treatment has a beneficial effect on aortic valve calcification, and whether the inflammatory status of the patient affects aortic valve disease progression. "
2.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 11/01/2019 - "Our study may help to understand the mechanisms of aortic valve disease in the diabetic milieu in order to discover and validate new biomarkers of cardiovascular aortic valve disease in diabetes and reveal new possible targets for nanobiotherapies." 08/12/2019 - "The aim of this study is to prove that an approach using a combination of serum biomarkers and the echocardiographic parameter global longitudinal strain (GLS) can be used to establish baseline status of fibrocalcific aortic valve disease, predict rate of progression, and quantitatively assess any regression of these processes following aortic valve replacement in patients with T2DM. " 01/01/2012 - "Also, several studies have investigated the role of biomarkers regarding their utility in the screening of calcific aortic valve disease and their putative clinical value, though their role still remains undetermined." 01/01/2023 - "Imaging biomarkers in aortic valve disease: it is time to shift the focus to the myocardium." 01/01/2022 - "Conclusion: SCG2 and CCL19 are potential novel biomarkers of Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and may play important roles in the biological process of Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). "
3.	Adenosine (Adenocard)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2020 - "We demonstrated previously that aortic valves obtained from patients with calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) disclosed disturbances in extracellular adenosine metabolism. " 12/01/2016 - "Since both substitutions might affect e5NT activity and consequently alter extracellular adenosine levels, we evaluated the association between NT5E alleles and calcific aortic valve disease in 119 patients (95 patients with AVC and 24 controls). " 01/15/1999 - "Safety and efficacy of intravenous adenosine for pharmacologic stress testing in children with aortic valve disease or Kawasaki disease." 01/01/2020 - "Statin treatment of patients with calcific aortic valve disease modulates extracellular adenosine metabolism on the cell surface of the aortic valve." 01/15/1999 - "This study assessed the safety and efficacy of intravenous adenosine used as a coronary vasodilator in 18 pediatric patients with aortic valve disease or Kawasaki disease. "
4.	Vasodilator Agents (Vasodilators)IBA 02/01/1991 - "Thus in aortic valve disease, the reduced coronary vasodilator capacity is mainly due to an elevated coronary flow at rest, while the maximal coronary blood flow achieved is identical to that of postoperative patients and controls. " 01/15/1999 - "This study assessed the safety and efficacy of intravenous adenosine used as a coronary vasodilator in 18 pediatric patients with aortic valve disease or Kawasaki disease. "
5.	celastrolIBA 08/18/2022 - "Substantial evidence has revealed a protective role of celastrol against a broad spectrum of CVD including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular injury, calcific aortic valve disease and heart failure through complicated and interlinked mechanisms such as direct protection against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, and indirect action on oxidation and inflammation. " 01/01/2020 - "This study sought to investigate whether reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (Nox2) contributes to calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) or whether celastrol, a natural Nox2 inhibitor, may provide potential therapeutic target for CAVD. "
6.	nitinolIBA 01/01/2014 - "The study objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sutureless self-expanding nitinol stent-frame aortic valve prostheses made of equine pericardium implanted in patients with symptomatic aortic valve disease. "
7.	Isoproterenol (Isoprenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1978 - "Cardiac reserve during isoproterenol stress in patients with aortic valve disease before and after corrective surgery." 07/01/1983 - "Compared with the response in patients with pure mitral valve stenosis, the response of cardiac adenylate cyclase activity to isoproterenol showed a marked decrease (-90%) in patients with combined mitral and aortic valve disease, corresponding to the severity of degree of insufficiency at both valves. "
8.	Nitroprusside (Sodium Nitroprusside)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2005 - "In the recently published clinical study [Use of Nitroprusside in Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Obstructive Aortic Valve Disease (UNLOAD)], sodium nitroprusside (SNP) improved cardiac function in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. "
9.	Inosine Triphosphate (ITP)IBA 01/01/2022 - "Based on a large inpatient database, our previous finding of ITP patients' association with AVD is only present in patients without splenectomy, and splenectomy appears to exert a protective effect on developing aortic valve disease in ITP patients, warranting further investigation." 01/01/2022 - "Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has been shown to be independently associated with aortic valve disease (AVD). " 01/01/2022 - "Splenectomy in patients with immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) appears to be protective against developing aortic valve disease." 01/01/2022 - "After adjusting for age, gender, race, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and tobacco use, we confirmed that ITP patients with splenectomy have no association with prevalence of aortic valve disease (2005: OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.18-1.30; P = 0.15; 2014: OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.36-2.16; P = 0.77). "
10.	Adenylyl Cyclases (Adenylyl Cyclase)IBA 07/01/1983 - "Compared with the response in patients with pure mitral valve stenosis, the response of cardiac adenylate cyclase activity to isoproterenol showed a marked decrease (-90%) in patients with combined mitral and aortic valve disease, corresponding to the severity of degree of insufficiency at both valves. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2020 - "The efficacy of pharmacological therapy for aortic valve disease is limited by the high mechanical stress at the aortic valves impairing the binding rate. " 09/25/2008 - "These techniques may be useful for assessing atherosclerotic components of preclinical aortic valve disease in patients and could assist in defining efficacy of medical therapies." 04/01/2014 - "A conclusion could be drawn that the heart function of patients with aortic valve disease could be improved after mechanical aortic valve replacement operation, but pathologies in other valves and ascending aorta might be increased, and therefore periodical postoperative echocardiogram evaluation with long-term pharmaceutical therapy could be necessary." 01/01/2021 - "Studies suggest a window of opportunity for biologically based diagnostics and therapeutics to alleviate or delay calcific aortic valve disease progression. " 09/01/2007 - "This review will focus on imaging methods that are available for patients with aortic valve disease and summarize the recent trials that have evaluated medical therapy aimed to reduce progression of aortic valve disease."
2.	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement 09/01/2012 - "The best treatment modalities in severe aortic valve disease are surgery and, in selected patients, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). " 06/15/2023 - "Although transcatheter aortic valve implantation has emerged as a very attractive treatment option for severe aortic valve disease, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is still considered the standard-of-care, particularly in younger patients. " 05/15/2012 - "Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) represents a novel treatment option for inoperable or high surgical risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve disease. " 06/01/2010 - "Patients with severe aortic valve disease who are not suitable for surgical aortic valve replacement have an improved prognosis if treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation rather than continuing on medical management alone." 12/01/2023 - "Anatomical characteristics of aortic valve diseases: Implications for transcatheter aortic valve replacement."
3.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis) 11/16/2023 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and hemodynamic results in patients affected by severe aortic valve disease after aortic valve replacement with third-generation stentless aortic prostheses (3F® stentless equine pericardial [Medtronic plc, Minneapolis Minnesota] and Pericarbon Freedom™ stentless bovine pericardial [LivaNova plc, London, United Kingdom]) and to analyze the benefits and the drawbacks associated to their use. " 06/05/2007 - "Letter by Grover et al regarding article, "Percutaneous implantation of the CoreValve self-expanding valve prosthesis in high-risk patients with aortic valve disease: the Siegburg First-in-Man study"." 01/01/2007 - "Between February 1994 and May 1999, 100 patients with tricuspid aortic valve disease received the stented porcine Mosaic prosthesis within a FDA approval study. " 10/10/2006 - "Percutaneous implantation of the CoreValve self-expanding valve prosthesis in high-risk patients with aortic valve disease: the Siegburg first-in-man study." 10/01/1985 - "The study concerns early and late results of aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 232 patients with aortic valve disease, using the Björk-Shiley tilting-disc prosthesis. "
4.	Bioprosthesis 06/01/2023 - "The ministernotomy approach with sutureless aortic bioprosthesis may provide an attractive and safe option for aortic valve disease patients. " 11/01/1996 - "Due to improved hemodynamic properties stentless bioprostheses represent a new therapeutic option in the surgical treatment of aortic valve disease. " 07/01/2014 - "The objective of this study is to analyze the results of Braile Biomédica® aortic bioprosthesis in patients with aortic valve disease. " 10/10/2006 - "Therefore, a prospective, single-center, nonrandomized study was performed in high-risk patients with aortic valve disease to evaluate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous implantation of a novel self-expanding aortic valve bioprosthesis (CoreValve). " 01/01/2000 - "The results of our study suggest that a 21-m Carpentier-Edwards Perimount bioprosthesis should be considered a valid option in elderly patients with aortic valve disease and a small aortic annulus."
5.	Sternotomy 01/01/2016 - "Aortic valve replacement through conventional sternotomy still represents the gold-standard surgical approach for aortic valve disease. " 07/01/2007 - "The Ross operation for aortic valve disease: previous sternotomy results in improved long-term outcome." 04/01/2017 - "Despite the criticisms and concerns raised on the data published in the PARTNER II trial and related analyses, we are undeniably witnessing a revolution in the management of aortic valve disease, in which conventional full sternotomy surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), with all related complications and clinical burden, will soon become a nonviable option. " 01/07/2023 - "Pure aortic valve disease is common and has been treated with sternotomy aortic valve replacement for decades. " 04/10/2017 - "To assess the effects of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement via a limited sternotomy versus conventional aortic valve replacement via median sternotomy in people with aortic valve disease requiring surgical replacement. "