Extranodal Extension

10/07/2022 - "This study explored the effect of tumor deposits (TDs) on survival, and whether their presence/absence influence individualized treatment. "
01/01/2020 - "This study analyzes the impact of tumor deposits (TDs), T and N status, poor differentiation (PD), perineural invasion (PNI), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on survival. "
01/01/2023 - "Although tumor deposits (TDs) are not the same as lymph nodes, the prognosis of patients with TDs is similar or worse than that of patients with metastatic lymph nodes. "
01/01/2023 - "In subgroup analysis, patients with positive tumor deposits (TDs) in the D2 + rCME group had significantly better 3-year DFS compared With D2 group (P < 0.05). "
03/19/2022 - "Tumor deposits (TDs) and nodal stage were associated with PM (p < 0.05), and TDs (p = 0.048) and LVI (p = 0.015) were associated with additional extraperitoneal recurrence. "

11/20/2023 - "• Multiparametric MRI has better accuracy for extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle infiltration compared to ate-specific membrane antigen PET."
12/01/2010 - "At higher magnification, surface tumor deposits at cellular resolution are detectable at TBR ratios achieved with highly expressed antigens. "
02/15/1991 - "Greater speed and ease of use of computerized work stations will lead to the broader application of fusion imaging in which radioantibody images will be viewed simultaneously with TCT or MRI for better anatomic correlation of abnormal sites of antigen-reactive tumor deposits."
01/01/1987 - "Heterogeneous antigen production leaves some tumor deposits without targets, and the immunogenicity of the MAb limits use of these agents repetitively in humans. "
04/01/2020 - "To compare the diagnostic performance of 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) with multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) on extracapsular extension (ECE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) in primary prostate cancer and its impact on therapeutic decisions. "

08/01/2001 - "After linking to toxins, drugs or radiolabeled mutation-specific antibodies could serve as very specific agents to treat small tumor deposits. "
09/01/1986 - "All 111In coupled antibodies demonstrated excellent nodal delineation without specific identification of tumor deposits. "
07/01/1998 - "Resected tissue revealed a high tumor-to-normal radiolocalization ratio, and autoradiography demonstrated even deposition of the radiolabeled antibodies throughout the entire tumor deposit with sparing of surrounding normal tissue. "
03/01/2001 - "The activity concentrations used in the experiments were clinically relevant, and this work supports the possibility of using 213Bi-labeled antibodies not only for disseminated single tumor cells, as found in patients with leukemia, but also for micrometastatic tumor deposits up to 180 microm in diameter (1200 cells)."
08/01/2008 - "Viruses can be efficiently neutralized by antiviral antibodies in the blood stream or sequestered by phagocytic cells in the liver and spleen, and they often fail to extravasate and migrate in tumor deposits or in the tissues to which tumors metastasize. "

01/01/1986 - "Recruitment of inflammatory cells to a tumor deposit potentiates the immunotherapeutic effects of interleukin-2."
03/01/1997 - "Mice bearing subcutaneous tumor deposits of MCA 205 had TDLN cells harvested after various durations of tumor growth, then activated in vitro with anti-CD3 for 2 days (activation phase), followed by expansion with interleukin-2 (IL-2) (10 U/ml) for 3 days (expansion phase). "
03/15/1994 - "Thirty-eight patients with metastatic melanoma receiving high dose IL-2 and TIL were studied for the ability of autologous 111In-labeled TIL to localize to metastatic tumor deposits by gamma camera imaging and biopsy. "
06/01/2000 - "The IL-2 gene-modified allogeneic vaccines were effective for prophylactic vaccination against subsequent tumor challenge and for therapeutic vaccination against pre-existing tumor deposits, with efficacies that were comparable with that of the IL-2 gene-modified syngeneic vaccines. "
07/15/1989 - "This clinical syndrome, seen at doses of IC which were insufficient to saturate antigen-expressing malignant tumor deposits in this trial, has been seen in other IC therapy trials and in clinical trials using the cytokine interleukin 2. To investigate a possible mechanism responsible for this toxicity, human monocytes were incubated with varying concentrations of IC. "

01/01/1986 - "Biodistribution studies of radioisotope in sarcoma patients showed rapid clearance of radiolabeled from the blood and uptake in tumor deposits, liver, and spleen. "
01/01/1984 - "These same reagents will be essential to the development of immunodiagnostic and immunoprognostic assays, and also may be used in the future as highly specific probes for the delivery of radioisotopes, chemotherapeutic agents, and toxins to metastatic tumor deposits."
10/01/1994 - "Since MTB forms a strong complex with melanin, it is an effective carrier for a number of radioisotopes to be addressed to the tumor deposits of any size including individually dispersed melanoma cells. "

01/01/1999 - "No studies of adjuvant therapy for patients with extracapsular extension at surgery have been completed, but in an interim analysis of an open controlled trial, adjuvant flutamide significantly improved progression-free survival at 4 years. "

01/01/2020 - "Multivariate analysis showed that hormone receptor negativity and the presence of extracapsular extension were prognostic factors for poor DFS. "
04/01/2017 - "Patients with IPLC had an increased rate of higher histologic grade, extracapsular extension, lymphovascular invasion and lower percentage of hormone positivity than those of patients with ILC. "
12/01/2014 - "Extracapsular extension, lymphovascular invasion, high nuclear grade, negative hormone receptor and the number of involved axillary nodes were important prognostic factors associated with SCFR."
10/01/2015 - "No difference in comorbidities, nodes retrieved, extracapsular extension, radiation, hormone therapy, or overall survival was observed. "
07/01/2013 - "The following prognostic parameters were assessed: neoadjuvant hormone therapy, clinical stage and Gleason score of recurrence, PSA level and velocity at HIFU treatment, and six MRI-derived parameters (prostate volume, tumour volume, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, tumour extension into the apex or anterior to the urethra). "

02/01/2007 - "Combining tPSA, fPSA, and thK2 in a multivariable model improved prediction compared with any biomarker used individually (AUC, 0.711, 0.755, and 0.752 for this combination predicting extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and BCR, respectively; P <0.001 for all). "
06/01/2023 - "Mixed and fixed effects models were used to analyze the association of PNI with extranodal extension (ENE)-a surrogate marker of poor prognosis. "
01/01/2021 - "The current classification considers extranodal extension (ENE), determination of p16 (surrogate marker for human papillomavirus), and detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). "
01/01/2021 - "Lymph node extracapsular extension as a marker of aggressive phenotype: Classification, prognosis and associated molecular biomarkers."
11/01/2019 - "Understanding the role that the lymph node microenvironment plays in promoting tumour development and extranodal extension may aid the identification of novel biomarkers and alternative treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced OSCC."

01/01/2021 - "From 66.0 to 87.1% increased ND frequency (P = 0.007) increased the detection of extracapsular extension of neck nodes (ECE+) forcing risk factor-adapted treatment by increased utilization of cisplatin-based PORCT that improved 5-years progression-free and overall survival from 60.4 and 45.3 to 67.7% (P = 0.411) and 66.1% (P = 0.025). "
12/01/2020 - "Those with positive margins and/or extranodal extension receive concomitant cisplatin. "
01/01/2018 - "Pathology that revealed margins <5 mm, extracapsular extension, N2a of N2b lymph node status, perineural invasion, or lymphovascular space invasion resulted in adjuvant radiotherapy concurrent with weekly cisplatin. "
01/01/2021 - "After robotic surgery, patients were assigned to group 1 (no poor risk features; surveillance), group 2 (intermediate pathologic risk factors [perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion]; 50-Gy radiotherapy), or group 3 (poor prognostic pathologic factors [extranodal extension [ENE], more than three positive lymph nodes and positive margin]; concurrent 56-Gy chemoradiotherapy with weekly cisplatin). "
01/01/2020 - "While the concurrent use of cisplatin with post-operative RT is well established in patients with high risk features of extranodal extension and/or positive surgical margins following resection, the role of chemotherapy in other curative settings is not clear. "

02/01/1994 - "Radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) by means of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies and a probe has been reported to be useful in recognizing subclinical tumor deposits during operation. "
12/01/2010 - "Widefield epifluorescence imaging can provide sufficient contrast to visualize tumor margins and detect tumor deposits 3-5  mm deep based on labeled monoclonal antibodies at low objective magnification. "
05/01/1991 - "Radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) is a technique employed to locate tumor deposits with the aid of intravenously injected, tumor-specific, radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies and a small gamma detecting device. "
01/01/1991 - "A group of 16 sarcoma patients with suspected advanced disease were studied with a radiolabeled anti-sarcoma monoclonal antibody (mAb 19-24) in an attempt to localize tumor deposits. "
11/01/1991 - "We describe a method to postlabel, in vivo, biotinylated monoclonal antibodies pretargeted onto tumor deposits when most of the non-tumor-bound antibodies have already been cleared as avidin-bound complexes. "

11/05/2023 - "This study aimed to assess the impact of the covariates derived from a predictive model for detecting extracapsular extension on pathology (pECE+) on biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS) within 4 years after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). "
12/06/2022 - "This study aimed to examine whether preoperative Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System v2 (PI-RADS v2) can predict pathological extracapsular extension (EPE) after radical prostatectomy. "
09/01/2020 - "The objective of this study was to perform an independent external validation of the Giganti-Coppola nomogram (GCN), which uses clinical and radiological parameters to predict prostate extracapsular extension (ECE) on the final pathology of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). "
08/01/2018 - "In this study, we evaluated the effect of delay-time between PC diagnosis and radical prostatectomy regarding oncological outcomes: Gleason score upgrade on surgical specimen, pathologic extracapsular extension (ECE) on surgical specimen, and postoperative biochemical recurrence (BCR) on follow-up. "
01/01/2016 - "We included studies that used MRI for detection of extracapsular extension (ECE; T3a), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI; T3b), or overall stage T3 PCa, with prostatectomy as the reference standard. "

07/01/2021 - "We propose to study additional chemotherapy to improve outcomes in patients with positive extracapsular extension."
09/01/2004 - "In our study, most metastatic tumor deposits showed expression for either EGFR or HER-2/neu, and less often for both, implying that drug therapies could be individualized for patients based on test results for both receptors."
10/19/2023 - "After adjustment, higher pathologic T and N stage, tumor deposits, and no chemotherapy were associated with worse COS (p < 0.01). "
03/01/2021 - "Patients with positive margins, extranodal extension (ENE), and/or 4 or more positive nodes receive concomitant chemotherapy (POCRT). "
01/01/2021 - "The addition of chemotherapy did not appear to improve DFS, neither for those patients with extranodal extension and/or positive margins (P = .93) nor for the entire cohort (P = .43). "

01/01/2023 - "Though decreasing, adjuvant systemic therapy use is still common in the absence of extranodal extension and positive margins, and a variety of patient, provider, and oncologic factors may influence its use. "
01/01/2023 - "Adjuvant systemic therapy was associated with inferior overall survival when used in those without extranodal extension or positive margins after controlling for covariates. "
01/01/2023 - "Adjuvant systemic therapy trends in those with and without extranodal extension or positive margins were assessed as annual percent change by JoinPoint analysis. "
01/01/2023 - "However, the uncertainty in the outcomes of TORS including postoperative residual positive margin (PM) and extranodal extension (ENE), may necessitate adjuvant therapy, which may cause significant swallowing toxicity to survivors. "
01/01/2023 - "Of the 17 patients with newly diagnosed disease and either positive margins or extranodal extension, only 9 received adjuvant radiation and only 3 received systemic therapy. "

11/01/2018 - "Observation indicators included age, T stage, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, tumor deposits, number of lymph node dissection, degree of differentiation, tissue type, and circumferential margin. "
10/01/2016 - "Axillary lymph node dissection was indicated for more than two positive SLNs or gross extracapsular extension. "
01/01/2015 - "A single bilateral lymphadenectomy was performed and was positive only on one side, with a node <3 cm and no extracapsular extension. "
04/01/2014 - "Level V lymphadenectomy may be omitted in patients without macroscopic extranodal extension."
04/01/2014 - "Patients with image-based, isolated lateral level IV involvement and no macroscopic extranodal extension are potential candidates for limited level III-IV dissection or prophylactic level II lymphadenectomy omission. "

01/01/2022 - "The prognostic impact of each margin definition was studied using univariate analysis, and in multivariate models including T-stage (AJCC 8th edition), nodal status (pN+), extranodal extension (ENE), and use of adjuvant radiotherapy. "
02/25/2019 - "The results of this retrospective study showed that only SND for neck node-positive OSCC was appropriate for those with up to 2 lymph nodes that had a largest diameter ≤3 cm without extranodal extension (ENE) of the neck and adjuvant radiotherapy. "
11/01/2015 - "Adjuvant radiotherapy might be considered in patients with multiple affected lymph nodes of extracapsular extension. "
09/01/2015 - "We randomly assigned patients (1:1) to adjuvant radiotherapy (48 Gy in 20 fractions, given over a maximum of 30 days) or observation, stratified by institution, areas of lymph-node field (parotid and cervical, axilla, or groin), number of involved nodes (≤3 vs >3), maximum involved node diameter (≤4 cm vs >4 cm), and extent of extracapsular extension (none, limited, or extensive). "
02/06/2011 - "Adjuvant radiotherapy was able to increase regional control in targeted sub-population (LN with extracapsular extension)."