Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2

A GPI-linked membrane glycoprotein and antiviral factor that functions as a homodimer. It is induced by INTERFERON-GAMMA and blocks the release of enveloped mammalian viruses by directly tethering nascent VIRAL PARTICLES to the membranes of infected cells.

Also Known As:

Networked: 144 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 8 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Okeoma, Chioma M: 9 articles (03/2020 - 01/2012)
2.	Mahauad-Fernandez, Wadie D: 7 articles (03/2020 - 09/2013)
3.	Pöhlmann, Stefan: 6 articles (01/2019 - 11/2011)
4.	Bieniasz, Paul D: 6 articles (01/2017 - 01/2008)
5.	Towers, Greg J: 6 articles (12/2013 - 05/2009)
6.	Evans, David T: 5 articles (01/2020 - 12/2013)
7.	Lifson, Jeffrey D: 4 articles (01/2020 - 12/2013)
8.	Brinkmann, Constantin: 4 articles (01/2019 - 12/2016)
9.	Hoffmann, Markus: 4 articles (01/2019 - 12/2016)
10.	Nehlmeier, Inga: 4 articles (01/2019 - 01/2012)

Related Diseases

1.	Infections 11/15/2018 - "This study reveals extensive polymorphism in rhesus macaque tetherin and identifies specific alleles that are associated with lower viral loads during the first few weeks after infection with nef-deleted SIV. " 10/15/2011 - "However, whether the primary biological activity of tetherin in vivo is that of a restriction factor remains uncertain as recent studies on human tetherin suggest that it is unable to prevent spreading infection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). " 11/01/2021 - "Murine BST2/tetherin promotes measles virus infection of neurons." 01/01/2020 - "Sequence analysis of the virus population in plasma confirmed that the substitutions in Nef were retained during acute infection; however, changes were observed by week 24 post-infection that fully restored anti-tetherin activity and partially restored anti-SERINC5 activity. " 01/01/2020 - "Here we show that disruption of tetherin antagonism by Nef impairs virus replication during acute SIV infection of rhesus macaques. "
2.	Virus Diseases (Viral Diseases) 05/01/2009 - "This study provides evidence that tetherin is important in protecting mammals against viral infection, and that the HIV-1 Vpu-mediated countermeasure is specifically adapted to act against human tetherin. " 10/26/2022 - "These data suggest that bat tetherin plays a potentially broad and important role in the management of viral infections in bats." 01/01/2019 - "In contrast, it is unknown whether fruit bat tetherin restricts virus infection and is susceptible to GP-driven antagonism. " 03/13/2015 - "However, the normal cellular function of Tetherin without viral infection is unknown. " 01/15/2015 - "However, the significance of tetherin in viral infection remains to be further addressed. "
3.	Viral Zoonoses 11/01/2011 - "Ancient origin of a deletion in human BST2/Tetherin that confers protection against viral zoonoses." 02/01/2009 - "Overall, these data indicate that tetherin could impose a barrier to viral zoonosis as a consequence of positive selection that has been driven by ancient viral antagonists, and that the HIV-1 Vpu protein has specialized to target the transmembrane domains found in human/chimpanzee tetherin proteins."
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2021 - "The midbody at the center of the intercellular bridge connecting dividing cells recruits the machinery essential for the final steps of cytokinesis.1-5 Successive abscission on both sides of the midbody generates a free midbody remnant (MBR) that can be inherited and accumulated in many cancer, immortalized, and stem cells, both in culture and in vivo.6-12 Strikingly, this organelle was recently shown to contain information that induces cancer cell proliferation, influences cell polarity, and promotes dorso-ventral axis specification upon interaction with recipient cells.13-16 Yet the mechanisms by which the MBR is captured by either a daughter cell or a distant cell are poorly described.10,14 Here, we report that BST2/tetherin, a well-established restriction factor that blocks the release of numerous enveloped viruses from the surface of infected cells,17-20 plays an analogous role in retaining midbody remnants. " 12/13/2014 - "Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) is one such gene whose role in cancer is not clear. " 01/01/2021 - "Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) has been reported to promote tumor cell growth and confer chemotherapy resistance in various cancers. " 12/01/2021 - "Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) has been reported to act as an oncogene in the tumorigenesis of numerous types of cancer. " 12/04/2018 - "Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) mediates various facets of cancer progression and metastasis. "
5.	Vesicular Stomatitis 01/01/2018 - "Moreover, analysis of this mutation in the context of vesicular stomatitis virus chimeras encoding EBOV-GP revealed that GP-mediated tetherin counteraction is operative in infected cells. " 01/01/2018 - "Moreover, alteration of the GXXXA motif increased tetherin sensitivity of a replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) chimera encoding EBOV-GP. " 01/01/2017 - "We first developed a novel in vitro live-cell imaging assay to demonstrate that while tetherin does indeed dramatically reduce cell-free virus spreading, it has little to no effect on direct cell-to-cell transmission of either vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or the retrovirus MoMLV. " 01/01/2017 - "We developed live-cell imaging assays which show that tetherin does not affect Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) spread, and only minimally affects vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) spread, to adjacent cells in a monolayer. " 01/01/2017 - "The glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus promotes release of virus-like particles from tetherin-positive cells."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Interferon Type I
2.	Sincalide
3.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
4.	Antiviral Agents (Antivirals)
5.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)
6.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
7.	Calcium
8.	Tetraspanins
9.	Serine Proteases (Serine Protease)
10.	Dynamins (Dynamin)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)