Ankyloglossia

A severe congenital restriction of TONGUE movement, resulting from fusion or adherence of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. In partial ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) the LINGUAL FRENUM is abnormally short, or is attached too close to the tip of the tongue. OMIM: 106280

Also Known As:

Networked: 139 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 23 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	lip tie
2.	Hemorrhage
3.	Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)
4.	Cleft palate X-linked
5.	Malocclusion (Crossbite)

Experts

1.	Stanier, P: 5 articles (04/2013 - 10/2001)
2.	Moore, G E: 4 articles (04/2013 - 10/2001)
3.	Hong, Paul: 3 articles (12/2021 - 05/2013)
4.	Pauws, E: 3 articles (04/2013 - 08/2009)
5.	Moore, Gudrun E: 3 articles (11/2009 - 10/2002)
6.	Stanier, Philip: 3 articles (11/2009 - 10/2002)
7.	Upadhyaya, Manasvi: 2 articles (08/2022 - 02/2018)
8.	Bussadori, Sandra Kalil: 2 articles (06/2022 - 11/2021)
9.	Fernandes, Kristianne Porta Santos: 2 articles (06/2022 - 11/2021)
10.	Horliana, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini: 2 articles (06/2022 - 11/2021)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Ankyloglossia:

1.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)IBA 01/01/2007 - "Novel local anaesthetic analgesic technique for tongue-tie." 04/08/2022 - "The use of lasers in ankyloglossia treatment resulted in shorter procedure time, reduced indications for general anesthesia, reduced administration of postoperative analgesics, fewer sutures or none needed, reduced postoperative bleeding, and improved healing. " 07/01/2014 - "This study aimed to determine the analgesic effect of topical application of benzocaine prior to lingual frenotomy in infants with symptomatic tongue-tie. "
2.	Folic Acid (Vitamin M)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2023 - "This study reported that regular intake of folic acid supplements was higher in women with infants with ankyloglossia. " 01/01/2023 - "We searched for observational, and interventional studies, and systematic reviews investigating the effect of maternal folic acid supplementation during preconception or pregnancy on the occurrence of ankyloglossia in offspring. " 01/01/2023 - "This study aimed to review evidence on the relationships between maternal folic acid supplementation during preconception and/or pregnancy and the risk of ankyloglossia in infants. " 01/01/2023 - "Insufficient evidence exists for a relationship between folic acid supplementation and ankyloglossia. " 01/01/2023 - "One article was judged relevant for inclusion in analyses; a case-control study that directly mentions the relationship between folic acid supplementation and ankyloglossia. "
3.	di-n-butyltin (dibutyltin)IBA 12/31/1993 - "In our previous study, di-n-butyltin diacetate has been shown to cause malformations such as cleft mandible, ankyloglossia, fused ribs, etc. in rat fetuses after oral treatment of maternal rats on day 8 of gestation. " 04/01/1994 - "Di-n-butyltin diacetate (DBTA) has been shown previously to cause malformations such as cleft mandible, ankyloglossia and fused ribs in rat foetuses after oral treatment of dams on day 8 of gestation. " 12/31/1993 - "In the 3-OHDBTL-treated group, no external and skeletal anomalies were observed at 80 mumol/kg and cleft lower lip and ankyloglossia were observed in only one fetus, but peaked mandible (the tip of lower jaw with acute angle) was specific at 160 mumol/kg. From these results, the di-n-butyl group rather than anionic group was found to be important in the teratogenicity of di-n-butyltin compounds as well as in the other kinds of toxicities and 3-OHDBTL, one of the main metabolites of DBTL, is not the critical substance of teratogenicity because of a very low teratogenic potency."
4.	DNA ProbesIBA 12/01/1989 - "Using polymorphic DNA probes to study cleft palate and ankyloglossia in males and ankyloglossia only in females in a large Icelandic family, the responsible gene was found to be located on the long arm of the X chromosome in the Xq21.1 region. "
5.	Genetic Markers (Genetic Marker)IBA 08/01/1994 - "A locus (CPX) responsible for X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia was previously mapped to the proximal long arm of the X chromosome through DNA marker linkage studies in two large kindred: an Icelandic family and a British Columbia (B.C.) Native family. "
6.	Benzocaine (Americaine)FDA Link 07/01/2014 - "This study aimed to determine the analgesic effect of topical application of benzocaine prior to lingual frenotomy in infants with symptomatic tongue-tie. "
7.	BariumIBA 05/01/2020 - "Other information such as presenting symptoms, type of ankyloglossia, location of the procedure, and modified barium swallow study (MBSS) information were also obtained. "
8.	Anesthetics (Anesthetic Agents)IBA 11/01/2004 - "This study assessed indications for and safety and outcome of simple division of tongue tie without an anesthetic. "
9.	salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM)IBA 08/01/2011 - "Over a 12-month period, neonates who had difficulty breastfeeding and significant ankyloglossia were enrolled in this randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial and assigned to either a frenotomy (30 infants) or a sham procedure (28 infants). "
10.	Transcription Factors (Transcription Factor)IBA 12/01/2018 - "Mutations in the T-Box transcription factor gene TBX22 are found in X-linked Cleft Palate with or without Ankyloglossia syndrome (CPX syndrome). " 01/01/2018 - "Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor TBX22 have been involved in isolated ankyloglossia and X-linked cleft palate. " 10/01/2015 - "TBX22 encodes a T-box containing transcription factor and mutations in this gene are responsible for X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia. " 04/01/2011 - "X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia (CPX) are caused by mutations in the TBX22 transcription factor. " 11/01/2010 - "Mutations in the gene encoding the T-box transcription factor TBX22 cause X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia in humans. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Lasers (Laser) 04/08/2022 - "Efficacy of Various Laser Wavelengths in the Surgical Treatment of Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review." 11/14/2023 - "The bibliographic search was performed using the following keywords as search strings: "lingual", "frenulectomy", "frenulotomy", "frenulum", "ankyloglossia", and "laser." A total of 14 articles were included in this review, including four prospective observational studies, one case-control study, three cross-sectional studies, four retrospective studies, and one randomized controlled trial. " 09/05/2022 - "The study aims to describe the lingual laser frenotomy perioperative protocol for newborns with ankyloglossia with or without breastfeeding difficulties developed by Odontostomatology and Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Units of the Aldo Moro University of Bari. " 04/08/2022 - "This study aimed to provide a comprehensive literature review and evaluate the effectiveness of various laser wavelengths in the surgical treatment of patients with ankyloglossia. " 09/05/2022 - "Lingual laser frenotomy in newborns with ankyloglossia: a prospective cohort study."
2.	Oral Hygiene (Dental Hygiene) 11/01/2015 - "Correction of ankyloglossia at a young age would lead to enhanced phonetics, improved oral hygiene, and overall personality development. " 04/01/2018 - "Ankyloglossia can affect feeding, speech and oral hygiene, as well as have mechanical and social effects. " 05/01/2014 - "In this article, we report a 50-year-old female patient with tongue-tie having difficulty in speech and maintenance of oral hygiene due to high attachment of lingual frenum. " 11/06/2023 - "Studies identified various symptoms that may be partially attributable to ankyloglossia after infancy, including speech/articulation difficulties, eating difficulties, dysphagia, sleep-disordered breathing symptoms, dental malocclusion, and social embarrassment such as oral hygiene issues. "
3.	Myotomy 08/12/2022 - "Our study demonstrated that adding genioglossus myotomy to a simple Z-plasty is a safe and effective method for improving the tongue mobility required to make lingual sounds, especially in moderate to severe form of ankyloglossia, along with suggestion of a new measurement tool, which can objectively assess tongue mobility with possibility for universal utilization in ankyloglossia release operation." 08/12/2022 - "Our goal in this study was to confirm the long-term safety and efficacy of Z-plasty with genioglossus myotomy compared with traditional Z-plasty alone and to develop a proper measurement tool to validate the postoperative results of release operations for ankyloglossia. " 08/12/2022 - "Evaluation of tongue mobility following release operation of ankyloglossia with genioglossus myotomy." 11/01/2011 - "Ankyloglossia correction: Z-plasty combined with genioglossus myotomy."
4.	General Anesthesia 01/01/2022 - "To investigate parental acceptance of the use of general anesthesia with mask inhalation (GAMI) in the treatment of ankyloglossia. " 01/01/2020 - "Surgical release of the ankyloglossia superior was performed with the patient under general anesthesia. " 05/01/2008 - "Three patients who had recurrent tongue-tie underwent repeated division in the operating room under general anesthesia. " 03/01/2002 - "Hence, there was no need for general anesthesia for such cases as tongue tie operation in small children. " 11/01/2010 - "Owing to the degree of ankyloglossia and the features of malnutrition present, it was decided to carry out complete removal of the frenulum under general anesthesia. "
5.	Sutures (Suture) 11/01/2023 - "Lingual mobilisation; serial horizontal incision and vertical extension suture for severe ankyloglossia: a technical note." 07/01/2014 - "This case series presents a novel surgical technique in the management of ankyloglossia in using presuturing technique in which different sets of sutures are given on lingual frenum before severing it. " 01/01/2019 - "Laser-Assisted Tongue-Tie Frenectomy for Orthodontic Purpose: To Suture or Not to Suture?" 04/08/2022 - "The use of lasers in ankyloglossia treatment resulted in shorter procedure time, reduced indications for general anesthesia, reduced administration of postoperative analgesics, fewer sutures or none needed, reduced postoperative bleeding, and improved healing. "