Prescription Drug Overuse

The use of a medication in an amount more than as prescribed.

Also Known As:

Medication Overuse; Medication Overutilization; Prescription Drug Overutilization; Drug Overuse, Prescription; Drug Overuses, Prescription; Drug Overutilization, Prescription; Drug Overutilizations, Prescription; Medication Overuses; Medication Overutilizations; Overuse, Medication; Overuse, Prescription Drug; Overuses, Medication; Overuses, Prescription Drug; Overutilization, Medication; Overutilization, Prescription Drug; Overutilizations, Medication; Overutilizations, Prescription Drug; Prescription Drug Overuses; Prescription Drug Overutilizations

Networked: 222 relevant articles (29 outcomes, 36 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Migraine Disorders (Migraine)
2.	Headache (Headaches)
3.	Headache Disorders (Headache Syndromes)
4.	COVID-19
5.	SUNCT Syndrome

Experts

1.	Grazzi, Licia: 18 articles (01/2021 - 04/2008)
2.	Bussone, Gennaro: 10 articles (04/2022 - 07/2006)
3.	D'Amico, Domenico: 8 articles (01/2021 - 07/2006)
4.	Bussone, G: 7 articles (05/2013 - 05/2003)
5.	Usai, Susanna: 6 articles (10/2020 - 04/2008)
6.	Martelletti, Paolo: 5 articles (06/2022 - 12/2011)
7.	Lipton, Richard B: 5 articles (11/2020 - 10/2006)
8.	Barbanti, Piero: 5 articles (08/2019 - 03/2013)
9.	Diener, Hans-Christoph: 5 articles (01/2019 - 11/2002)
10.	Andrasik, Frank: 5 articles (05/2017 - 04/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Prescription Drug Overuse:

1.	Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botox)FDA Link 07/01/2023 - "The safety and effectiveness of onabotulinumtoxinA have been established globally in >5000 patients with CM with or without medication overuse treated in clinical and observational studies. " 02/01/2008 - "Previous studies with Botulinum Toxin Type A have demonstrated that it is effective even in patients with medication overuse. " 01/01/2023 - "62% of patients in the Relatox group and 48% of patients in the Botox group transitioned from medication overuse to non overuse status compared from baseline (OR 2.07, CI 95% 0.91; 4.62, p=0.044). " 01/01/2023 - "Furthermore, Relatox and Botox significant reduced average medication overuse rates in patient with CM and MO at baseline. " 07/01/2022 - "The findings were generally consistent in patients with coexisting medication overuse or with treatment failures to multiple preventive medications, including onabotulinumtoxinA. "
2.	Topiramate (Topamax)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2014 - "Topiramate is effective in chronic migraine, in the presence or absence of medication overuse, and/or other migraine prophylaxis. " 09/01/2006 - "Topiramate proved to be well tolerated and effective in reverting chronic migraine with medication overuse to episodic migraine." 12/01/2009 - "Furthermore, two recently completed multicenter, randomised, placebo-controlled trials have shown that treatment with topiramate 100 mg/day is effective and well tolerated in patients already progressed to chronic migraine and difficult to treat conditions associated with medication-overuse. " 07/01/2007 - "This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial demonstrates that topiramate is effective and reasonably well tolerated when used for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine, even in the presence of medication overuse." 05/01/2020 - "The majority of respondents (>50%) could not identify the lower limits of CM duration, the necessity of identifying at least eight migraine attacks in a month, the importance of managing medication overuse, and the indication of topiramate as the most efficacious agent in CM. Young physicians (23-35 years), bachelor graduates, general practitioners (GPs), and those having ≤5 years of experience scored lower than their peers. "
3.	Monoclonal AntibodiesIBA 01/01/2021 - "Data on the efficacy of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in the setting of medication overuse is also presented. " 11/01/2022 - "Treatment with monoclonal antibodies achieved high transition rates from medication overuse to non-overuse. " 01/01/2023 - "CGRP monoclonal antibodies are efficacious for the management of chronic migraine both with and without medication overuse." 06/09/2023 - "Burden of migraine with acute medication overuse or psychiatric comorbidities and treatment with CGRP pathway-targeted monoclonal antibodies: A review." 10/07/2021 - "In daily practice, anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) may be useful in chronic migraine (CM) with medication overuse (MO), but data is limited. "
4.	galcanezumabIBA 07/01/2023 - "Our real-world data showed the efficacy of galcanezumab in patients with CM, regardless of medication overuse. " 01/01/2021 - "Furthermore, both galcanezumab doses reduced average monthly medication overuse rates compared to placebo (p < 0.001) in both patient populations with medication overuse at baseline. " 01/01/2021 - "The percentages of patients with baseline medication overuse in placebo, galcanezumab 120-mg and 240-mg groups, respectively, were 19.4%, 17.3%, and 19.3% for EVOLVE-1/-2 (pooled; post hoc), and 63.4%, 64.3%, and 64.1% for REGAIN (a priori). " 01/01/2021 - "Both galcanezumab doses demonstrated significant improvement compared with placebo for overall least squares mean change in monthly migraine headache days in patients with baseline medication overuse in both the episodic and chronic migraine studies (p ≤ 0.001). " 01/01/2021 - "Medication overuse in a subgroup analysis of phase 3 placebo-controlled studies of galcanezumab in the prevention of episodic and chronic migraine."
5.	Amitriptyline (Elavil)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2010 - "Objectives are to: (1) to evaluate the efficacy of withdrawal therapy following prophylaxis with topiramate and amitriptyline in a population affected by CDH and medication overuse with follow-up at 1 (T1), 3 (T2) and 6 (T3) months; (2) to identify which group of the Silberstein's CDH classification (1994) may benefit from this protocol. " 06/01/2010 - "Our data suggest that the patients affected by CDH and medication overuse benefit from withdrawal therapy performed during hospitalization plus prophylaxis with amitriptyline plus topiramate. " 06/01/2010 - "The efficacy of withdrawal therapy in subjects with chronic daily headache and medication overuse following prophylaxis with topiramate and amitriptyline." 01/01/2014 - "Management includes identification and control of comorbidities and risk factors that predispose to CM; treatment and prevention for medication overuse; early treatment for migraine attacks; and an adequate preventive therapy for CM. Several randomized controlled clinical trials have shown the efficacy of topiramate, amitriptyline, onabotulinumtoxinA, and cognitive-behavioral therapy in CM. "
6.	incobotulinumtoxinA FDA Link 05/01/2014 - "In the present report, a group of patients suffering from CM with medication overuse was treated with BoNT-A to verify its efficacy for CM. The results confirmed the efficacy of BoNT-A when used at the dosage of 155 UI, according with the PREEMPT study protocol. " 02/03/2009 - "Evidence supports the use of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) for CM, with or without medication overuse, to achieve a significant reduction in headache episodes. "
7.	SuspensionsIBA 01/01/2021 - "Adaptation of the management of chronic migraine patients with medication overuse to the suspension of treatment protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from a tertiary headache center in Milan-6-month results." 01/01/2020 - "The Adaptation of Management of Chronic Migraine Patients With Medication Overuse to the Suspension of Treatment Protocols During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons From a Tertiary Headache Center in Milan, Italy."
8.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2003 - "Intravenous lignocaine is a useful treatment in the management of chronic daily headache with substantial medication overuse. " 11/01/2008 - "For each patient, we determined diagnosis, presence of medication overuse on initial evaluation, pain scores, and if the patient received intravenous lidocaine before starting the medication. " 12/01/2003 - "Intravenous lignocaine (lidocaine) infusion for the treatment of chronic daily headache with substantial medication overuse." 11/01/2008 - "Intravenous lidocaine is a novel treatment for chronic daily headache with medication overuse and SUNCT syndrome. "
9.	onabotulinum toxin AIBA 05/01/2013 - "Onabotulinum toxin A for treatment of chronic migraine with medication overuse." 05/01/2015 - "In this study, a group of patients suffering from chronic migraine with medication overuse was treated with onabotulinum toxin A (Botox) to verify its efficacy for chronic migraine. " 04/01/2012 - "Recently, however, four randomised trials, two with topiramate and two with onabotulinum toxin A, showed that about half of patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse will respond to these treatments and show both a reduction in migraine days and intake of acute medication. "
10.	fremanezumabIBA 12/01/2023 - "Effects of Fremanezumab on Medication Overuse in Japanese Chronic Migraine Patients: Post Hoc Analysis of a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial." 09/21/2020 - "The impact of fremanezumab on medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine: subgroup analysis of the HALO CM study." 09/21/2020 - "We evaluated the efficacy of fremanezumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively targets calcitonin gene-related peptide, in patients with chronic migraine (CM) with and without medication overuse (MO). " 01/01/2022 - "A monocentric, prospective, cohort study was conducted, enrolling 203 severe (resistant to three or more preventive treatments) chronic migraine patients (84.7% with medication overuse) treated with erenumab (47.2%), galcanezumab (36.5%), or fremanezumab (16.3%), with up to 12 months follow-up. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 08/01/2022 - "There was a reduction in medication overuse from 57% at baseline to 29% after therapy (p = 0.011). " 08/01/2022 - "Patients with medication overuse (MO) also responded to the therapy. " 01/01/2019 - "Importantly, to avoid an excessive use of acute medication with the risk of medication overuse, prophylactic therapeutics are the best choice. " 01/01/2019 - "Twenty CM patients without preventive therapy or acute medication overuse underwent 3T MRI scans and were compared to a group of 20 healthy controls (HC). " 03/01/2017 - "Medication usage was viewed as a source of unresolved emotional distress and, for some, resulted in poor self-reported adherence, which included medication overuse, underuse and rejection of prescribed therapies. "
2.	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation 10/01/2020 - "No efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation on chronic migraine with medication overuse: A double blind, randomised clinical trial." 10/01/2020 - "Transcranial direct current stimulation did not influence the short and long-term course of chronic migraine with medication overuse after acute drug withdrawal. " 10/01/2020 - "Transcranial direct current stimulation was suggested to provide beneficial effects in chronic migraine, a condition often associated with medication overuse for which no long-term therapy is available. " 10/01/2020 - "Adults diagnosed with chronic migraine and medication overuse were assigned to receive in a 1:1:1 ratio anodal, cathodal, or sham transcranial direct current stimulation daily for five consecutive days, along with standardised drug withdrawal protocol. "
3.	Medication Reconciliation 04/01/2012 - "Expanding the role of the pharmacist in a GM-ACE unit has improved the medication use process in a high-risk population through improvements in medication overuse, medication underuse, dosing, medication reconciliation, patient education, and health care provider education."
4.	Vagus Nerve Stimulation 01/01/2015 - "Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation may be effective as acute treatment for HFEM or CM and may help to reduce medication overuse and medication-associated adverse events."
5.	Self Medication 01/01/2023 - "Background/purpose Self-medication is a public health concern because of the potential for medication overuse or abuse, as well as the physical, social, and psychological consequences. " 07/01/2009 - "Pharmacy personnel are supposed to be well informed of recommendations for proper migraine management, but their easy access to medicines may favor self-medication and promote medication overuse for those with frequent migraine attacks. " 08/01/2012 - "This study identified underdiagnosis of migraine, low use of migraine prophylaxis and triptans, and high prevalence of medication overuse amongst subjects seeking self-medication for regular headache. " 06/01/2012 - "This study identified underdiagnosis of migraine, low use of migraine prophylaxis and triptans, and high prevalence of medication overuse among subjects seeking self-medication for regular headache. "