COVID-19 rebound

RELAPSE of COVID-19 symptoms or a new positive viral test following a period of improvement and having tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2022/pdf/CDC_HAN_467.pdf). COVID-19 rebound symptoms may develop with or without COVID-19 DRUG TREATMENT (e.g., with PAXLOVID or MOLNUPIRAVIR) due to undetectable amount of virus presumably remaining from the initial infection instead of REINFECTION.

Also Known As:

Networked: 20 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	COVID-19
3.	Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (Lymphosarcoma)
4.	Fever (Fevers)

Experts

1.	Bray, William: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
2.	Carlin, Aaron F: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
3.	Chaillon, Antoine: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
4.	Clark, Alex E: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
5.	Garretson, Aaron F: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
6.	Santos, AsherLev T: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
7.	Smith, Davey M: 2 articles (06/2022 - 05/2022)
8.	Adams, A: 1 article (10/2022)
9.	Coulson, J M: 1 article (10/2022)
10.	Evans, A: 1 article (10/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to COVID-19 rebound:

1.	AntibodiesIBA 06/01/2021 - "After CP infusion, neutralising antibodies were detected and viral load dissapeared in both patients leading to clinical improvement with no more Covid-19 relapse." 07/11/2020 - "COVID-19 relapse may occur in a part of discharged patients with low titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. "
2.	nirmatrelvir and ritonavir drug combinationIBA 04/01/2023 - "Currently, information on the additional treatment for COVID-19 rebound following Paxlovid treatment is limited. " 01/01/2023 - "Further research is needed to investigate the COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment." 01/01/2023 - "Delayed COVID-19 rebound following nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in B-cell-depleted patients." 08/06/2022 - "Questions remain as to how COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment differs between the BA.5 and BA.2.12.1 subvariants. " 08/06/2022 - "In May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Health Alert Network Health Advisory on potential COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment. "
3.	molnupiravirIBA 06/22/2022 - "The 7-day and 30-day COVID-19 rebound rates after Molnupiravir treatment were 5.86% and 8.59% for COVID-19 infection, 3.75% and 8.21% for COVID-19 symptoms, and 0.84% and 1.39% for hospitalizations. " 08/01/2023 - "Further, identifying the factors associated with viral rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NMV/r) and molnupiravir may expand understanding of COVID-19 rebound. " 06/22/2022 - "Our results call for continuous surveillance of COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid and Molnupiravir treatments. " 06/22/2022 - "This indicates that COVID-19 rebound is not unique to Paxlovid and the risks were similar for Paxlovid and Molnupiravir. " 06/22/2022 - "COVID-19 rebound occurred both after Paxlovid and Molnupiravir, especially in patients with underlying medical conditions. "
4.	WastewaterIBA 01/01/2021 - "Viral RNA in City Wastewater as a Key Indicator of COVID-19 Recrudescence and Containment Measures Effectiveness."
5.	Ritonavir (Norvir)FDA Link 04/01/2023 - "All cases experienced a COVID-19 rebound and progressed to severe COVID-19, following treatment with Paxlovid (300 mg of nirmatrelvir with 100 mg ritonavir, twice daily for 5 days). "
6.	SolutionsIBA 04/01/2021 - "Our hope is that the organizational structure that our department applied during the previous wave of infections may offer other colleagues a solution to facing the current COVID-19 recrudescence."
7.	Viral RNAIBA 01/01/2021 - "Viral RNA in City Wastewater as a Key Indicator of COVID-19 Recrudescence and Containment Measures Effectiveness."
8.	Indicators and Reagents (Reagents)IBA 01/01/2021 - "Viral RNA in City Wastewater as a Key Indicator of COVID-19 Recrudescence and Containment Measures Effectiveness."
9.	Monoclonal AntibodiesIBA 06/26/2022 - "Fatal Outcome of COVID-19 Relapse in a Fully Vaccinated Patient with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Receiving Maintenance Therapy with the Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Obinutuzumab: A Case Report."
10.	Rituximab (Mabthera)FDA Link 01/01/2022 - "The diagnosis of a COVID-19 relapse should be considered in the setting of unexplained persistent fever and/or respiratory symptoms in KTRs (especially for those after rituximab therapy), even in patients with previous negative naso-pharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR." 01/01/2022 - "We herein describe a severe COVID-19 relapse case of a kidney transplant recipient (KTR) following rituximab therapy, 3 months after a moderate COVID-19 infection, despite viral clearance after recovery of the first episode. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 10/01/2022 - "COVID-19 "Rebound" associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir pre-hospital therapy." 01/01/2022 - "The diagnosis of a COVID-19 relapse should be considered in the setting of unexplained persistent fever and/or respiratory symptoms in KTRs (especially for those after rituximab therapy), even in patients with previous negative naso-pharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR." 01/01/2022 - "We herein describe a severe COVID-19 relapse case of a kidney transplant recipient (KTR) following rituximab therapy, 3 months after a moderate COVID-19 infection, despite viral clearance after recovery of the first episode. " 09/29/2023 - "We investigated the incidence and risk factors associated with COVID-19 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir or molnupiravir therapy during the Omicron era. " 09/29/2023 - "Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir or molnupiravir therapy: A prospective cohort study."
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 03/01/2023 - "COVID-19 rebound was defined as documentation of a negative SARS-CoV-2 test after treatment followed by a newly positive test. " 06/22/2022 - "For both drugs the rates of COVID-19 rebound increased with time after treatments. " 10/22/2023 - "We described three cases of COVID-19 rebound that occurred after treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (group A). "
3.	Home Nursing (Nursing, Home) 12/01/2022 - "COVID-19 rebound after oral treatment in a nursing home facility: A case series."