War-related stressors and ICD-11 (complex) post-traumatic stress disorders in Ukrainian students living in Kyiv during the Russian-Ukrainian war.
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| Abstract |
We estimated the prevalence of war-related stressors (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire-R), risk of ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD; International Trauma Questionnaire-R) in N = 563 Ukrainian students living in Kyiv, an active war zone between December 2022 and January 2023. Among trauma survivors (n = 381), we used multinomial logistic regression to examine whether different war-related traumatic events and cumulative trauma increased risk for ICD-11-PTSD and CPTSD after controlling for other traumatic events, age, and gender. Nine of ten Ukrainian students (91.5%) reported at least one war-related stressor, one of five (20.8%) reported four or more stressors. War-related combat situations were reported most frequently (59.5%), followed by forced separation from family members (54.5%), lack of shelter (53.3%), and murder or violent death of a family member or friend (15.6%). Rates for probable ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD were 12.4% and 11.2%, respectively. Sexual violence and cumulative trauma exposure significantly increased the risk of CPTSD compared to other traumatic events. The high proportions of ICD-11-PTSD and CPTSD underscore the psychological burden of Ukrainian students living in an active war zone and the need for trauma-focused interventions for war-affected populations.
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| Authors | Annett Lotzin, Olha Morozova-Larina, Svitlana Paschenko, Antje Paetow, Lisa Schratz, Vladyslava Keller, Liudmyla Krupelnytska |
| Journal | Psychiatry research (Psychiatry Res) Vol. 330 Pg. 115561 (Dec 2023) ISSN: 1872-7123 [Electronic] Ireland |
| PMID | 37956590 (Publication Type: Journal Article) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
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