Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus chromogenes isolated from bovine mastitis.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus chromogenes are pathogens frequently detected in bovine mastitis. Treatment and prevention of this disease have been usually carried on with antimicrobials. However, the emergence of bacterial isolates with antimicrobial resistance has aroused interest in new therapeutic alternatives. Plant essential oils (EOs) have been largely studied as antibacterial treatments. In the present study, EOs from five plants were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against S. aureus and S. chromogenes. Bacterial isolates were obtained in a previous study of clinical cases of bovine mastitis. EOs from lemongrass, eucalyptus, lavender, peppermint, and thyme were obtained by hydrodistillation and their chemical compositions were evaluated by gas chromatography (GC). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated for all EOs. The results demonstrated that citral (40.9%), myrcene (24.7%), and geraniol (1.9%) were detected in lemongrass EO; 1,8-cineole (76.9%), α-pinene (8.2%), and ledene (5.1%) in eucalyptus EO; 1,8-cineole (45.2%), camphor (18.2%), and fenchone (14.6%) in lavender EO; L-menthol (38.5%), menthofuran (16.3%), and citronellal (10.6%) in peppermint EO; and thymol (44.2%), p-cymene (24.6%) and 1,8-cineole (9.9%) in thyme EO. More effective antibacterial activities were observed only with the use of lemongrass (MIC and MBC ranging from 0.39 to 3.12 mg/mL and 0.39 to 6.35 mg/mL, respectively) and thyme (MIC and MBC ranging from 0.39 to 1.56 mg/mL and 0.39 to 3.12 mg/mL, respectively). Peppermint, lavender and eucalyptus EOs did not show bactericidal activities. In conclusion, lemongrass and thyme EOs are promising antibacterial alternatives against Staphylococcus species associated with bovine mastitis.

• Authors: Tamiris Silva Lopes, Caroline Fussieger, Heloísa Theodoro, Simone Silveira, Gabriel Fernandes Pauletti, Mariana Roesch Ely, Vagner Ricardo Lunge, André Felipe Streck
• Journal: Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] (Braz J Microbiol) Vol. 54 Issue 3 Pg. 2427-2435 (Sep 2023) ISSN: 1678-4405 [Electronic] Brazil
• PMID: 37340212 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.

Chemical References

• Oils, Volatile
• Eucalyptol
• Anti-Infective Agents
• Anti-Bacterial Agents

Topics

• Animals
• Cattle
• Female
• Oils, Volatile (pharmacology, chemistry)
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Eucalyptol (pharmacology)
• Mastitis, Bovine
• Staphylococcus
• Anti-Infective Agents (pharmacology)
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacology, chemistry)
• Staphylococcal Infections (drug therapy, veterinary)
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests