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Cyanidin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by activating the PLC-IP3 pathway.

Abstract
Cyanidin is the most abundant anthocyanin found in red-purple plants and possesses anti-obesity properties. However, its mechanism of action in adipocytes remains unknown. The objective of this study was to elucidate how cyanidin inhibits adipocyte formation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cells were cultured in adipogenic differentiation medium supplemented with cyanidin and examined for adipogenesis, cell viability, and adipocyte gene expression using Oil Red O staining, MTT assay, and RT-qPCR. Real-time Ca2+ imaging analysis was performed in living cells to elucidate cyanidin's mechanism of action. The results demonstrated that cyanidin (1-50 μM) supplementation to the adipogenic medium inhibited adipogenesis by downregulating adipogenic marker gene expression (PPARγ, C/EBPα, adiponectin, and aP2) without affecting cell viability after 4 days of treatment. Stimulation of cells with cyanidin (30-100 μM) increased intracellular Ca2+ in a concentration dependent manner with peak calcium increases at 50 μM. Pretreatment of cells with the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122, inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptor blocker 2-APB, and depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores by thapsigargin abolished the Ca2+ increases by cyanidin. These findings suggested that cyanidin inhibits adipocyte formation by activating the PLC-IP3 pathway and intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Our study is the first report describing the mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effect of cyanidin.
AuthorsPhutthida Kongthitilerd, Elise Barras, Weiqiong Rong, Ansleigh Thibodeaux, Madison Rigdon, Shaomian Yao, Sirichai Adisakwattana, Tanyawan Suantawee, Henrique Cheng
JournalBiomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (Biomed Pharmacother) Vol. 162 Pg. 114677 (Jun 2023) ISSN: 1950-6007 [Electronic] France
PMID37044024 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
CopyrightCopyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • cyanidin
  • Anthocyanins
  • Type C Phospholipases
  • PPAR gamma
Topics
  • Mice
  • Animals
  • Adipogenesis
  • Anthocyanins (pharmacology)
  • 3T3-L1 Cells
  • Type C Phospholipases (metabolism)
  • Down-Regulation
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Obesity (metabolism)
  • PPAR gamma (metabolism)

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