Abstract | Background: Objective: Aim 1: Examine cognition, behavior/mood changes Post-tPBM. Aim 2: MRI changes - resting-state functional-connectivity MRI: salience, central executive, default mode networks (SN, CEN, DMN); magnetic resonance spectroscopy, cingulate cortex. Methods: Results: The three younger cases (ages 55, 57, 65) improved 2 SD (pā<ā0.05) on three to six neuropsychological tests/subtests at 1 week or 1 month Post-tPBM, compared to Pre-Treatment, while the older case (age 74) improved by 1.5 SD on three tests. There was significant improvement at 1 month on post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD), depression, pain, and sleep. One case discontinued narcotic pain medications and had reduced tinnitus. The possible placebo effect is unknown. At 2 months Post-tPBM, two cases regressed. Then, home tPBM was applied to only cortical nodes, DMN (12 weeks); again, significant improvements were seen. Significant correlations for increased SN functional connectivity (FC) over time, with executive function, attention, PTSD, pain, and sleep; and CEN FC, with verbal learning/memory, depression. Increased n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) (oxygen consumption, mitochondria) was present in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), parallel to less pain and PTSD. Conclusion: After tPBM, these ex-football players improved. Significant correlations of increased SN FC and CEN FC with specific cognitive tests and behavior/mood ratings, plus increased NAA in ACC support beneficial effects from tPBM.
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Authors | Margaret A Naeser, Paula I Martin, Michael D Ho, Maxine H Krengel, Yelena Bogdanova, Jeffrey A Knight, Michael R Hamblin, Andrea E Fedoruk, Luke G Poole, ChiaHsin Cheng, BangBon Koo |
Journal | Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports
(J Alzheimers Dis Rep)
Vol. 7
Issue 1
Pg. 77-105
( 2023)
ISSN: 2542-4823 [Electronic] Netherlands |
PMID | 36777329
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | © 2023 – The authors. Published by IOS Press. |
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