Multiple anthelmintic drug resistance in hookworms (Ancylostoma caninum) in a Labrador breeding and training kennel in Georgia, USA.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the efficacy of the 3 major classes of anthelmintics used for the treatment of hookworms in dogs in the US and an extralabel treatment with an FDA-approved product for use in cats in a Labrador kennel with a history of persistent hookworm infections.

ANIMALS:

22 dogs housed in a single kennel comprised of the following breeds: 19 Labrador Retrievers, 1 English Cocker Spaniel, 1 Chesapeake Bay Retriever, and 1 Boykin Spaniel.

PROCEDURES:

We performed a fecal egg count (FEC) reduction test using 22 dogs that were allocated randomly to 1 of 5 treatment groups: pyrantel pamoate (Pyrantel pamoate suspension), fenbendazole (Safe-Guard suspension 10%), milbemycin oxime (Interceptor), moxidectin plus imidacloprid (Advantage Multi), and emodepside plus praziquantel (Profender topical solution for cats). FEC was performed on samples collected on days 0 and 11.

RESULTS:

FEC reductions for the milbemycin oxime, moxidectin plus imidacloprid, and emodepside plus praziquantel groups were 43.9%, 57.4%, and 100%, respectively. The FEC increased following treatment for the pyrantel and fenbendazole groups.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

These data demonstrate that the Ancylostoma caninum infecting the dogs in this kennel are highly resistant to all major anthelmintic classes approved for use in dogs in the US but are susceptible to emodepside. This was the first report of multiple anthelmintic drug-resistant A caninum in a dog kennel that does not involve Greyhounds.

• Authors: Pablo D Jimenez Castro, Kendra Durrence, Stephen Durrence, Leonor Sicalo Gianechini, James Collins, Kayla Dunn, Ray M Kaplan
• Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (J Am Vet Med Assoc) Vol. 261 Issue 3 Pg. 342-347 (12 15 2022) ISSN: 1943-569X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 36520649 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary)

Chemical References

• Anthelmintics
• Fenbendazole
• imidacloprid
• Macrolides
• milbemycin oxime
• moxidectin
• Praziquantel
• Pyrantel Pamoate

Topics

• Animals
• Dogs
• Ancylostoma
• Ancylostomatoidea
• Anthelmintics
• Cat Diseases (drug therapy)
• Dog Diseases (drug therapy)
• Drug Resistance
• Feces
• Fenbendazole
• Georgia
• Macrolides
• Parasite Egg Count (veterinary)
• Praziquantel
• Pyrantel Pamoate (therapeutic use)