Abstract | BACKGROUND: The aim was to assess the success of a three- drug regimen, consisting of cefazoline, metronidazole and gentamicine, for the antimicrobial treatment of complicated appendicitis and to investigate predictors of failure. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who had undergone appendectomy for complicated appendicitis from 2013 to 2018. The shift to second-line antibiotics was considered a failure. The choice was based upon clinical deterioration. Patients were grouped into 2 groups: localized complicated appendicitis (LCA) and extensively complicated appendicitis (ECA) for the study purpose. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify predictors of failure. RESULTS: Ninety patients (65.2%) with LCA and 48 patients (35%) with ECA were included. Three- drug regimen failed in 50 patients (36%) with a higher rate in the ECA group (50%, p=0.017). In a multivariate analysis, this failure was found to be associated with ECA (adjusted OR 3.00 [1.2-7.4], p=0.041). Children with ECA experienced a longer hospital stay (median length 8 days, p < 0.001) and antimicrobial therapy (median length 8 days, p < 0.001). However, no difference in the rate of surgical site infections was found (p=0.514). CONCLUSIONS: The institutional antibiotic stewardship program highlighted a high failure rate for the old threedrug regimen. A new protocol should be recommended, especially for the patients affected by ECA.
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Authors | Filippo Ghidini, Calogero Virgone, Daniele Donà, Anna Chiara Frigo, Francesco Fascetti Leon, Piergiorgio Gamba |
Journal | The Turkish journal of pediatrics
(Turk J Pediatr)
Vol. 64
Issue 5
Pg. 839-847
( 2022)
ISSN: 2791-6421 [Electronic] Turkey |
PMID | 36305433
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Child
- Humans
- Appendicitis
(drug therapy, surgery)
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Retrospective Studies
- Appendectomy
(adverse effects)
- Length of Stay
- Prescriptions
- Treatment Outcome
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