Three-dimensional and catheter-based intracardiac echocardiographic characterization of the interatrial septum in 2 horses with suspicion of a patent foramen ovale.

Abstract

This case report describes the 2-dimensional transthoracic (2D-TTE), 3-dimensional transthoracic (3D-TTE) and intracardiac echocardiographic (ICE) characterization of the fossa ovalis region in 2 horses. The first case was presented for poor performance and showed an anechoic zone in the interatrial septum on 2D-TTE. Based on 3D-TTE a deepened fossa ovalis could be identified and using ICE the presence of an interatrial shunt could be excluded. The second case was referred for a cardiac murmur and the presence of turbulent flow in and around the interatrial septum on 2D-TTE color flow Doppler. The complementary use of 2D-TTE, 3D-TTE, and ICE allowed detailed characterization of a patent foramen ovale, with evidence of a left-to-right shunt in a dorsocranial to ventrocaudal direction with limited hemodynamic implications. These 2 cases underline the feasibility of 3D-TTE and ICE in horses and especially show the added value of ICE in a clinical setting.

• Authors: Ingrid Vernemmen, Ellen Paulussen, Julie Dauvillier, Annelies Decloedt, Gunther van Loon
• Journal: Journal of veterinary internal medicine (J Vet Intern Med) Vol. 36 Issue 4 Pg. 1535-1542 (Jul 2022) ISSN: 1939-1676 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 35635303 (Publication Type: Case Reports)
• Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

Topics

• Animals
• Catheters
• Echocardiography (methods, veterinary)
• Foramen Ovale, Patent (diagnostic imaging, veterinary)
• Horse Diseases (diagnostic imaging)
• Horses